The formula “nazalat fī kadhā” does not always mean that the reported event occurred at the very moment of revelation. Early scholars could use it to mean that a verse applies to a situation. A strictly historical occasion, a later application, and a Companion’s explanatory gloss must therefore be distinguished.
Ask whether the report explicitly describes revelation at that event, whether its chronology fits, how reliable it is, and whether multiple reports can be reconciled.
Before restricting a verse to one incident, examine the scope of its wording. The historical occasion can illuminate the text without automatically narrowing every general expression to that occasion alone.