Grammarians and philologists examine iʿrāb, derivation, sentence structure, word usage, and evidence from Arabic speech. They gather linguistic examples to explain how particular expressions function in a Qur’anic context.
Discovering a dictionary gloss alone is insufficient. Possible senses are weighed against context and syntax. The existence of several meanings in a lexicon does not make all of them equally valid in one verse.
Example: deciding whether a word functions as subject or predicate may affect the relationship between parts of a verse. Careful grammatical analysis thereby becomes an interpretive tool.