«بَنَى الْأَمِيرُ الْقَصْرَ»
“The ruler built the palace.”
Grammatically the verb banā is predicated of “the ruler.” In ordinary circumstances, builders and laborers perform the physical work. Attributing the building to the ruler is intelligible because the project may have been undertaken by his command or under his direction.
Distinguishing grammatical attribution from direct performance prevents two errors: insisting that the ruler personally laid every stone, and declaring the statement meaningless. The figure of speech is supported by a familiar relationship between initiating an undertaking and its execution.