Complete rule set: (1) kasrah usually follows preceding kasrah or sākin yāʾ; (2) other ordinary cases take ḍammah; (3) two named words have sukūn; (4) both neighbors vowelled normally trigger ṣilah; (5) a sākin neighbor normally prevents it. Each stage has specified Qurʾānic exceptions.
Self-check: explain the different treatments of وَمَا أَنْسَانِيهُ، عَلَيْهُ اللَّهَ، أَرْجِهْ، وَيَتَّقْهِ، يَرْضَهُ لَكُمْ، فِيهِ مُهَانًا before moving to the following section on idghām.
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Summary and self-check
Rules of Hāʾ al-Ḍamīr: Vowels, Ṣilah and Exceptions
Complete rule set: (1) kasrah usually follows preceding kasrah or sākin yāʾ; (2) other ordinary cases take ḍammah; (3) two named words have sukūn; (4) both neighbors vowelled normally trigger ṣilah; (5) a sākin neighbor normally prevents it. Each stage has specified Qurʾānic exceptions.
Self-check: explain the different treatments of وَمَا أَنْسَانِيهُ، عَلَيْهُ اللَّهَ، أَرْجِهْ، وَيَتَّقْهِ، يَرْضَهُ لَكُمْ، فِيهِ مُهَانًا before moving to the following section on idghām.