Surah ‘Abasa — Part 4

1. Surah ‘Abasa · Ayah 28

وَعِنَبًا وَقَضْبًا
Sentence structure
Both accusative nouns are coordinated with the object حَبًّا in ayah 27.

Ayah summary
And He produced grapes and vegetables in it.

وَعِنَبًۭا — And grapes
Grammar: وَ is a conjunction. accusative noun functioning as the coordinated element.

وَقَضْبًۭا — and green fodder
Grammar: وَ is a conjunction. accusative noun functioning as the coordinated element.

2. Surah ‘Abasa · Ayah 29

وَزَيْتُونًا وَنَخْلًا
Sentence structure
Both accusative nouns continue the coordinated list of things brought forth from the earth.

Ayah summary
And He produced olives and date palms.

وَزَيْتُونًۭا — And olive
Grammar: وَ is a conjunction. accusative noun functioning as the coordinated element.

وَنَخْلًۭا — and date-palms
Grammar: وَ is a conjunction. accusative noun functioning as the coordinated element.

3. Surah ‘Abasa · Ayah 30

وَحَدَآئِقَ غُلْبًا
Sentence structure
حَدَآئِقَ is another coordinated accusative noun, and غُلْبًا is its accusative adjective.

Ayah summary
And He grew densely planted gardens.

وَحَدَآئِقَ — And gardens
Grammar: وَ is a conjunction. accusative noun functioning as the coordinated element.

غُلْبًۭا — (of) thick foliage
Grammar: accusative adjective functioning as the adjective.

4. Surah ‘Abasa · Ayah 31

وَفَـٰكِهَةً وَأَبًّا
Sentence structure
Both accusative nouns continue the coordinated list governed by أَنۢبَتْنَا.

Ayah summary
And He produced fruit and fodder.

وَفَـٰكِهَةًۭ — And fruits
Grammar: وَ is a conjunction. accusative noun functioning as the coordinated element.

وَأَبًّۭا — and grass
Grammar: وَ is a conjunction. accusative noun functioning as the coordinated element.

5. Surah ‘Abasa · Ayah 32

مَّتَـٰعًا لَّكُمْ وَلِأَنْعَـٰمِكُمْ
Sentence structure
مَّتَـٰعًا is an accusative expression of purpose or benefit. The two coordinated prepositional phrases identify the beneficiaries.

Ayah summary
All this is for the benefit of you and your livestock.

مَّتَـٰعًۭا — (As) a provision
Grammar: accusative noun functioning as the accusative of purpose.

لَّكُمْ — for you
Grammar: لَّ is a preposition. كُمْ is a pronoun functioning as the genitive complement.

وَلِأَنْعَـٰمِكُمْ — and for your cattle
Grammar: وَ is a conjunction. لِ is a preposition. genitive noun functioning as the genitive complement. Attached كُمْ is a second-person masculine plural pronoun functioning as the genitive complement.

6. Surah ‘Abasa · Ayah 33

فَإِذَا جَآءَتِ ٱلصَّآخَّةُ
Sentence structure
إِذَا opens a future non-jussive time-conditioned clause. جَآءَتِ is its verb and ٱلصَّآخَّةُ the subject; the response is supplied by the following context.

Ayah summary
Then the deafening blast of the Day of Resurrection will come.

فَإِذَا — But when
Grammar: فَ is a resumption particle. إِذَا is a time adverb.

جَآءَتِ — comes
Grammar: third-person feminine singular perfect verb; it functions as the condition clause.

ٱلصَّآخَّةُ — the Deafening Blast
Grammar: ٱل is the definite article. nominative noun functioning as the subject.

7. Surah ‘Abasa · Ayah 34

يَوْمَ يَفِرُّ ٱلْمَرْءُ مِنْ أَخِيهِ
Sentence structure
يَوْمَ is a time expression. Its attached clause has يَفِرُّ as verb and ٱلْمَرْءُ as subject; مِنْ أَخِيهِ is linked to the verb.

Ayah summary
On that Day, a person will flee from his brother.

يَوْمَ — (The) Day
Grammar: يَوْمَ is a time adverb.

يَفِرُّ — will flee
Grammar: A third-person masculine singular imperfect verb whose explicit subject is ٱلْمَرْءُ. The complete clause يَفِرُّ ٱلْمَرْءُ is in the genitive position as the clause annexed to يَوْمَ.

ٱلْمَرْءُ — a man
Grammar: ٱلْ is the definite article. nominative noun functioning as the subject.

مِنْ — from
Grammar: مِنْ is a preposition functioning as the linked complement.

أَخِيهِ — his brother
Grammar: genitive noun functioning as the genitive complement. Attached هِ is a third-person masculine singular pronoun functioning as the genitive complement.

8. Surah ‘Abasa · Ayah 35

وَأُمِّهِۦ وَأَبِيهِ
Sentence structure
Both genitive nouns are coordinated with أَخِيهِ and carry attached genitive pronouns.

Ayah summary
He will also flee from his mother and father.

وَأُمِّهِۦ — And his mother
Grammar: وَ is a conjunction. genitive noun functioning as the coordinated element. Attached هِۦ is a third-person masculine singular pronoun functioning as the genitive complement.

وَأَبِيهِ — and his father
Grammar: وَ is a conjunction. genitive noun functioning as the coordinated element. Attached هِ is a third-person masculine singular pronoun functioning as the genitive complement.