Surah Ad-Duha — Part 2

Ayahs 7–11 · word-by-word grammatical analysis Read the bilingual lesson for Surah Ad-Duha — Part 2 and test your understanding with a focused quiz.

Lesson

1. Surah Ad-Duha · Ayah 7

وَوَجَدَكَ ضَآلًّا فَهَدَىٰ Sentence structure وَوَجَدَكَ has understood subject, attached كَ as first object and ضَآلًّا as second object. فَهَدَىٰ is coordinated as the result. Ayah summary Allah found you seeking the clear path and granted you complete guidance. وَوَجَدَكَ — And He found you Grammar: وَ coordinates; the perfect has understood subject and كَ as first object. ضَآلًّۭا — unaware of the way Grammar: An indefinite masculine accusative second object. فَهَدَىٰ — then guided Grammar: فَ marks result; the perfect has understood subject هُوَ.

2. Surah Ad-Duha · Ayah 8

وَوَجَدَكَ عَآئِلًا فَأَغْنَىٰ Sentence structure وَوَجَدَكَ has understood subject, كَ first object and عَآئِلًا second object. فَأَغْنَىٰ is a coordinated Form IV result. Ayah summary Allah found you in need and made you self-sufficient. وَوَجَدَكَ — And He found you Grammar: وَ coordinates; the perfect has understood subject and كَ as first object. عَآئِلًۭا — in need Grammar: An indefinite masculine accusative second object. فَأَغْنَىٰ — then enriched Grammar: فَ marks result; أَغْنَىٰ is Form IV perfect with understood subject.

3. Surah Ad-Duha · Ayah 9

فَأَمَّا ٱلْيَتِيمَ فَلَا تَقْهَرْ Sentence structure فَأَمَّا introduces the first detailed branch and ٱلْيَتِيمَ is its fronted object. فَلَا تَقْهَرْ is the negative-jussive response with understood subject أَنْتَ. Ayah summary Therefore, do not be harsh with the orphan, but treat him with care. فَأَمَّا — So as for Grammar: فَ resumes and أَمَّا introduces a detailed branch. ٱلْيَتِيمَ — the orphan Grammar: A defined masculine accusative fronted object of تَقْهَرْ. فَلَا — then do not Grammar: فَ introduces the response and لَا forbids, making the verb jussive. تَقْهَرْ — oppress Grammar: A second-person masculine-singular jussive imperfect with understood subject أَنْتَ.

4. Surah Ad-Duha · Ayah 10

وَأَمَّا ٱلسَّآئِلَ فَلَا تَنْهَرْ Sentence structure وَأَمَّا introduces the coordinated branch and ٱلسَّآئِلَ is its fronted object. فَلَا تَنْهَرْ is the negative-jussive response. Ayah summary And do not rebuke the one who asks, but respond with kindness. وَأَمَّا — And as for Grammar: وَ coordinates and أَمَّا introduces the next detailed branch. ٱلسَّآئِلَ — the petitioner Grammar: A defined masculine accusative active participle used as fronted object. فَلَا — then do not Grammar: فَ introduces the response and لَا forbids, making the verb jussive. تَنْهَرْ — repel Grammar: A second-person masculine-singular jussive imperfect with understood subject أَنْتَ.

5. Surah Ad-Duha · Ayah 11

وَأَمَّا بِنِعْمَةِ رَبِّكَ فَحَدِّثْ Sentence structure وَأَمَّا introduces the final branch. بِنِعْمَةِ رَبِّكَ is a fronted prepositional phrase; فَحَدِّثْ is the imperative response with understood subject أَنْتَ. Ayah summary And speak of your Lord's blessings with gratitude. وَأَمَّا — And as for Grammar: وَ coordinates and أَمَّا introduces the final detailed branch. بِنِعْمَةِ — the favor Grammar: بِ is a preposition and نِعْمَةِ a feminine genitive noun annexed onward. This phrase is linked to «حَدِّثْ». رَبِّكَ — of your Lord Grammar: A masculine genitive complement; attached كَ is its possessor. فَحَدِّثْ — then proclaim Grammar: فَ introduces the response; حَدِّثْ is Form II imperative with understood subject أَنْتَ.

Practice questions

Question 1

وَوَجَدَكَ ضَآلًّا فَهَدَىٰ ۝٧ What case is ضَآلًّا?

  • Nominative
  • Genitive
  • Accusative
  • Jussive

Question 2

وَوَجَدَكَ عَآئِلًا فَأَغْنَىٰ ۝٨ What form is أَغْنَىٰ?

  • Form II
  • Form V
  • Form X
  • Form IV

Question 3

فَأَمَّا ٱلْيَتِيمَ فَلَا تَقْهَرْ ۝٩ What does لَا do in فَلَا تَقْهَرْ?

  • Forbids and makes jussive
  • Makes accusative
  • Emphasizes
  • Introduces an oath

Question 4

وَأَمَّا ٱلسَّآئِلَ فَلَا تَنْهَرْ ۝١٠ What is ٱلسَّآئِلَ here?

  • Subject
  • Fronted object
  • Predicate
  • Genitive noun

Question 5

وَأَمَّا بِنِعْمَةِ رَبِّكَ فَحَدِّثْ ۝١١ What form is حَدِّثْ?

  • Passive imperfect
  • Perfect
  • Form II imperative
  • Active participle

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