Ayahs 7–11 · word-by-word grammatical analysis Read the bilingual lesson for Surah Ad-Duha — Part 2 and test your understanding with a focused quiz.
Lesson
1. Surah Ad-Duha · Ayah 7
وَوَجَدَكَ ضَآلًّا فَهَدَىٰ
Sentence structure
وَوَجَدَكَ has understood subject, attached كَ as first object and ضَآلًّا as second object. فَهَدَىٰ is coordinated as the result.
Ayah summary
Allah found you seeking the clear path and granted you complete guidance.
وَوَجَدَكَ — And He found you
Grammar: وَ coordinates; the perfect has understood subject and كَ as first object.
ضَآلًّۭا — unaware of the way
Grammar: An indefinite masculine accusative second object.
فَهَدَىٰ — then guided
Grammar: فَ marks result; the perfect has understood subject هُوَ.
2. Surah Ad-Duha · Ayah 8
وَوَجَدَكَ عَآئِلًا فَأَغْنَىٰ
Sentence structure
وَوَجَدَكَ has understood subject, كَ first object and عَآئِلًا second object. فَأَغْنَىٰ is a coordinated Form IV result.
Ayah summary
Allah found you in need and made you self-sufficient.
وَوَجَدَكَ — And He found you
Grammar: وَ coordinates; the perfect has understood subject and كَ as first object.
عَآئِلًۭا — in need
Grammar: An indefinite masculine accusative second object.
فَأَغْنَىٰ — then enriched
Grammar: فَ marks result; أَغْنَىٰ is Form IV perfect with understood subject.
3. Surah Ad-Duha · Ayah 9
فَأَمَّا ٱلْيَتِيمَ فَلَا تَقْهَرْ
Sentence structure
فَأَمَّا introduces the first detailed branch and ٱلْيَتِيمَ is its fronted object. فَلَا تَقْهَرْ is the negative-jussive response with understood subject أَنْتَ.
Ayah summary
Therefore, do not be harsh with the orphan, but treat him with care.
فَأَمَّا — So as for
Grammar: فَ resumes and أَمَّا introduces a detailed branch.
ٱلْيَتِيمَ — the orphan
Grammar: A defined masculine accusative fronted object of تَقْهَرْ.
فَلَا — then do not
Grammar: فَ introduces the response and لَا forbids, making the verb jussive.
تَقْهَرْ — oppress
Grammar: A second-person masculine-singular jussive imperfect with understood subject أَنْتَ.
4. Surah Ad-Duha · Ayah 10
وَأَمَّا ٱلسَّآئِلَ فَلَا تَنْهَرْ
Sentence structure
وَأَمَّا introduces the coordinated branch and ٱلسَّآئِلَ is its fronted object. فَلَا تَنْهَرْ is the negative-jussive response.
Ayah summary
And do not rebuke the one who asks, but respond with kindness.
وَأَمَّا — And as for
Grammar: وَ coordinates and أَمَّا introduces the next detailed branch.
ٱلسَّآئِلَ — the petitioner
Grammar: A defined masculine accusative active participle used as fronted object.
فَلَا — then do not
Grammar: فَ introduces the response and لَا forbids, making the verb jussive.
تَنْهَرْ — repel
Grammar: A second-person masculine-singular jussive imperfect with understood subject أَنْتَ.
5. Surah Ad-Duha · Ayah 11
وَأَمَّا بِنِعْمَةِ رَبِّكَ فَحَدِّثْ
Sentence structure
وَأَمَّا introduces the final branch. بِنِعْمَةِ رَبِّكَ is a fronted prepositional phrase; فَحَدِّثْ is the imperative response with understood subject أَنْتَ.
Ayah summary
And speak of your Lord's blessings with gratitude.
وَأَمَّا — And as for
Grammar: وَ coordinates and أَمَّا introduces the final detailed branch.
بِنِعْمَةِ — the favor
Grammar: بِ is a preposition and نِعْمَةِ a feminine genitive noun annexed onward. This phrase is linked to «حَدِّثْ».
رَبِّكَ — of your Lord
Grammar: A masculine genitive complement; attached كَ is its possessor.
فَحَدِّثْ — then proclaim
Grammar: فَ introduces the response; حَدِّثْ is Form II imperative with understood subject أَنْتَ.