Ayahs 1–5 · word-by-word grammatical analysis Read the bilingual lesson for Surah Al-Bayyinah — Part 1 and test your understanding with a focused quiz.
Lesson
1. Surah Al-Bayyinah · Ayah 1 — Part 1/2
لَمْ يَكُنِ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ مِنْ أَهْلِ ٱلْكِتَـٰبِ وَٱلْمُشْرِكِينَ مُنفَكِّينَ …
Sentence structure
لَمْ negates and jussivizes incomplete يَكُنِ. Relative ٱلَّذِينَ is its noun; كَفَرُوا۟ is the relative clause. مِنْ أَهْلِ ٱلْكِتَـٰبِ وَٱلْمُشْرِكِينَ describes the group, and مُنفَكِّينَ is the accusative predicate.
Ayah summary
The disbelievers among the People of the Book and the polytheists did not leave their denial until the clear proof came.
لَمْ — not
Grammar: A negative particle that jussivizes the following imperfect.
يَكُنِ — were
Grammar: A jussive third-person masculine-singular incomplete imperfect after لَمْ.
ٱلَّذِينَ — those who
Grammar: A masculine-plural relative noun, the noun of يَكُنِ.
كَفَرُوا۟ — disbelieved
Grammar: A masculine-plural perfect; attached وا is subject, forming the relative clause. An omitted circumstantial element is associated with «كَفَرُوا۟».
مِنْ — among
Grammar: A preposition. This phrase is linked through an omitted element.
أَهْلِ — people
Grammar: A masculine genitive noun after مِنْ, annexed onward.
ٱلْكِتَـٰبِ — of the Scripture
Grammar: A defined masculine genitive complement of أَهْلِ.
وَٱلْمُشْرِكِينَ — and the polytheists
Grammar: وَ coordinates; a defined masculine-plural active participle, genitive by coordination.
مُنفَكِّينَ — to desist
Grammar: A Form VII masculine-plural active participle, accusative predicate of يَكُنِ.
2. Surah Al-Bayyinah · Ayah 1 — Part 2/2
حَتَّىٰ تَأْتِيَهُمُ ٱلْبَيِّنَةُ ١
Sentence structure
حَتَّىٰ introduces the endpoint clause. تَأْتِيَ is subjunctive; attached هُم is object and ٱلْبَيِّنَةُ nominative subject.
Ayah summary
The disbelievers among the People of the Book and the polytheists did not leave their denial until the clear proof came.
حَتَّىٰ — until
Grammar: A particle introducing the endpoint and subjunctive clause.
تَأْتِيَهُمُ — comes to them
Grammar: A third-person feminine-singular subjunctive imperfect; attached هُم is object.
ٱلْبَيِّنَةُ — the clear evidence
Grammar: A defined feminine nominative subject of تَأْتِيَ.
3. Surah Al-Bayyinah · Ayah 2
رَسُولٌ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ يَتْلُوا۟ صُحُفًا مُّطَهَّرَةً ٢
Sentence structure
رَسُولٌ is a nominative apposition explaining the evidence. مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ describes it; يَتْلُوا۟ is an adjectival clause, صُحُفًا its object and مُّطَهَّرَةً its adjective.
Ayah summary
This clear proof is Allah's Messenger ﷺ reciting purified scriptures.
رَسُولٌۭ — a messenger
Grammar: An indefinite masculine nominative apposition explaining ٱلْبَيِّنَةُ. An omitted adjectival element is associated with «رَسُولٌۭ».
مِّنَ — from
Grammar: A preposition. This phrase is linked through an omitted element.
ٱللَّهِ — Allah
Grammar: A proper noun genitive after مِنَ.
يَتْلُوا۟ — reciting
Grammar: A third-person masculine-singular imperfect with understood subject, forming an adjectival clause.
صُحُفًۭا — pages
Grammar: An indefinite plural accusative object of يَتْلُوا۟.
مُّطَهَّرَةًۭ — purified
Grammar: A feminine singular accusative passive-participle adjective of the non-human plural صُحُفًا.
4. Surah Al-Bayyinah · Ayah 3
فِيهَا كُتُبٌ قَيِّمَةٌ ٣
Sentence structure
فِيهَا is the fronted predicate, كُتُبٌ the delayed nominative subject, and قَيِّمَةٌ its nominative adjective.
Ayah summary
These scriptures contain upright and sound teachings.
فِيهَا — in them
Grammar: A preposition with feminine-singular pronoun, functioning as fronted predicate.
كُتُبٌۭ — writings
Grammar: An indefinite plural nominative delayed subject.
قَيِّمَةٌۭ — upright
Grammar: A feminine singular nominative adjective of the non-human plural كُتُبٌ.
5. Surah Al-Bayyinah · Ayah 4 — Part 1/2
وَمَا تَفَرَّقَ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُوا۟ ٱلْكِتَـٰبَ …
Sentence structure
مَا negates Form V تَفَرَّقَ. ٱلَّذِينَ is subject; passive أُوتُوا۟ is its relative clause and ٱلْكِتَـٰبَ its object.
Ayah summary
The People of the Book fell into division after the clear proof came to them.
وَمَا — And not
Grammar: وَ resumes and مَا negates the following perfect.
تَفَرَّقَ — became divided
Grammar: A Form V third-person masculine-singular perfect.
ٱلَّذِينَ — those who
Grammar: A masculine-plural relative noun functioning as subject.
أُوتُوا۟ — were given
Grammar: A Form IV masculine-plural passive perfect; attached وا is deputy subject.
ٱلْكِتَـٰبَ — the Scripture
Grammar: A defined masculine accusative noun; with passive أُوتُوا۟, it remains the second object.
6. Surah Al-Bayyinah · Ayah 4 — Part 2/2
إِلَّا مِنۢ بَعْدِ مَا جَآءَتْهُمُ ٱلْبَيِّنَةُ ٤
Sentence structure
إِلَّا مِنۢ بَعْدِ marks the restricted time. Relative مَا is the genitive complement; جَآءَتْهُمُ is its clause with object هُم and subject ٱلْبَيِّنَةُ.
Ayah summary
The People of the Book fell into division after the clear proof came to them.
إِلَّا — except
Grammar: A restriction particle after negation.
مِنۢ — from
Grammar: A preposition.
بَعْدِ — after
Grammar: A genitive time noun after مِن, annexed onward.
مَا — that
Grammar: A relative noun functioning as genitive complement of بَعْدِ.
جَآءَتْهُمُ — came to them
Grammar: A feminine-singular perfect; attached هُم is object.
ٱلْبَيِّنَةُ — the clear evidence
Grammar: A defined feminine nominative subject of جَآءَتْ.
7. Surah Al-Bayyinah · Ayah 5 — Part 1/2
وَمَآ أُمِرُوٓا۟ إِلَّا لِيَعْبُدُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ مُخْلِصِينَ لَهُ ٱلدِّينَ حُنَفَآءَ …
Sentence structure
مَا أُمِرُوٓا۟ إِلَّا is a negative restriction. لِيَعْبُدُوا۟ is a subjunctive purpose clause; ٱللَّهَ is object. مُخْلِصِينَ and حُنَفَآءَ are accusative circumstantial expressions; ٱلدِّينَ is object of the participle.
Ayah summary
They were commanded to worship Allah sincerely, establish prayer, and give zakat.
وَمَآ — And not
Grammar: وَ resumes and مَآ negates.
أُمِرُوٓا۟ — they were commanded
Grammar: A masculine-plural passive perfect; attached وا is deputy subject.
إِلَّا — except
Grammar: A restriction particle after negation. This phrase is linked to «أُمِرُوا۟».
لِيَعْبُدُوا۟ — to worship
Grammar: لِ is purpose; a masculine-plural subjunctive imperfect with attached subject وا.
ٱللَّهَ — Allah
Grammar: The proper noun is accusative object of يَعْبُدُوا۟.
مُخْلِصِينَ — sincerely devoting
Grammar: A Form IV masculine-plural active participle, accusative circumstance.
لَهُ — to Him
Grammar: A preposition with masculine-singular genitive pronoun linked to مُخْلِصِينَ.
ٱلدِّينَ — the religion
Grammar: A defined masculine accusative object of the active participle.
حُنَفَآءَ — upright
Grammar: A masculine-plural accusative circumstance.
8. Surah Al-Bayyinah · Ayah 5 — Part 2/2
وَيُقِيمُوا۟ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَيُؤْتُوا۟ ٱلزَّكَوٰةَ ۚ وَذَٰلِكَ دِينُ ٱلْقَيِّمَةِ ٥
Sentence structure
وَيُقِيمُوا۟ and وَيُؤْتُوا۟ are coordinated subjunctive verbs with plural subjects; each takes an object. ذَٰلِكَ is subject, دِينُ predicate and ٱلْقَيِّمَةِ its genitive complement.
Ayah summary
They were commanded to worship Allah sincerely, establish prayer, and give zakat.
وَيُقِيمُوا۟ — and establish
Grammar: وَ coordinates; a Form IV masculine-plural subjunctive imperfect, وا subject.
ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ — the prayer
Grammar: A defined feminine accusative object.
وَيُؤْتُوا۟ — and give
Grammar: وَ coordinates; a Form IV masculine-plural subjunctive imperfect, وا subject.
ٱلزَّكَوٰةَ ۚ — the alms
Grammar: A defined feminine accusative object; the pause sign is not a grammatical segment.
وَذَٰلِكَ — and that
Grammar: وَ resumes; masculine-singular demonstrative ذَٰلِكَ is subject.
دِينُ — religion
Grammar: A masculine nominative predicate, annexed onward.
ٱلْقَيِّمَةِ — the upright way
Grammar: A defined feminine genitive complement of دِينُ.