Surah Al-Ghashiyah — Part 1

Ayahs 1–9 · word-by-word grammatical analysis Read the bilingual lesson for Surah Al-Ghashiyah — Part 1 and test your understanding with a focused quiz.

Lesson

1. Surah Al-Ghashiyah · Ayah 1

هَلْ أَتَىٰكَ حَدِيثُ ٱلْغَـٰشِيَةِ Sentence structure هَلْ opens the question. أَتَىٰكَ is the verb, attached كَ its object, and حَدِيثُ its subject; ٱلْغَـٰشِيَةِ completes the annexation. Ayah summary Has the news of the overwhelming Day of Resurrection reached you? هَلْ — Has Grammar: An interrogative particle with no case governance. أَتَىٰكَ — (there) come to you Grammar: أَتَىٰ is a third-person masculine-singular perfect; attached كَ is its second-person masculine-singular object. حَدِيثُ — (the) news Grammar: A masculine-singular nominative subject of أَتَىٰ, annexed to the next noun. ٱلْغَـٰشِيَةِ — (of) the Overwhelming Grammar: ٱل is the definite article; غَـٰشِيَةِ is a feminine-singular genitive active participle functioning as the annexed complement.

2. Surah Al-Ghashiyah · Ayah 2

وُجُوهٌۭ يَوْمَئِذٍ خَـٰشِعَةٌ Sentence structure وُجُوهٌ is the nominative topic and خَـٰشِعَةٌ its predicate. يَوْمَئِذٍ is a time expression linked to the predicate. Ayah summary On that day, many faces will be humiliated. وُجُوهٌۭ — Faces Grammar: An indefinite broken-plural nominative topic. يَوْمَئِذٍ — that Day Grammar: A time expression in the accusative position, linked to the predicate. This phrase is linked to «وُجُوهٌ». خَـٰشِعَةٌ — (will be) humbled Grammar: An indefinite feminine-singular nominative active participle serving as predicate.

3. Surah Al-Ghashiyah · Ayah 3

عَامِلَةٌۭ نَّاصِبَةٌۭ Sentence structure عَامِلَةٌ and نَّاصِبَةٌ continue the description of the faces; both are feminine-singular nominative active participles. Ayah summary They will be worn out by severe toil. عَامِلَةٌۭ — Laboring Grammar: An indefinite feminine-singular nominative active participle continuing the description of وُجُوهٌ. نَّاصِبَةٌۭ — exhausted Grammar: An indefinite feminine-singular nominative active participle coordinated in the same description.

4. Surah Al-Ghashiyah · Ayah 4

تَصْلَىٰ نَارًا حَامِيَةًۭ Sentence structure تَصْلَىٰ has the preceding faces as its understood subject. نَارًا is the object and حَامِيَةً its accusative adjective. Ayah summary They will enter a blazing fire. تَصْلَىٰ — They will burn Grammar: A third-person feminine-singular indicative imperfect with an understood subject referring to the faces. نَارًا — (in) a Fire Grammar: An indefinite feminine-singular accusative object of تَصْلَىٰ. حَامِيَةًۭ — intensely hot Grammar: An indefinite feminine-singular accusative adjective of نَارًا.

5. Surah Al-Ghashiyah · Ayah 5

تُسْقَىٰ مِنْ عَيْنٍ ءَانِيَةٍۢ Sentence structure تُسْقَىٰ is a passive imperfect whose understood deputy subject refers to the faces. مِنْ عَيْنٍ is linked to it, and ءَانِيَةٍ describes the spring. Ayah summary They will be given water from a boiling spring. تُسْقَىٰ — They will be given to drink Grammar: A third-person feminine-singular passive imperfect; its deputy subject is understood from the preceding faces. مِنْ — from Grammar: A preposition governing the following noun in the genitive. This phrase is linked to «تُسْقَىٰ». عَيْنٍ — a spring Grammar: An indefinite feminine-singular genitive noun governed by مِنْ. ءَانِيَةٍۢ — boiling Grammar: An indefinite feminine-singular genitive active-participle adjective of عَيْنٍ.

6. Surah Al-Ghashiyah · Ayah 6

لَّيْسَ لَهُمْ طَعَامٌ إِلَّا مِن ضَرِيعٍۢ Sentence structure لَّيْسَ is a defective negative verb. لَهُمْ is its fronted predicate and طَعَامٌ its delayed noun; إِلَّا مِن ضَرِيعٍ states the exception. Ayah summary They will have no food except the thorny plant called dari‘. لَّيْسَ — Not is Grammar: A third-person masculine-singular defective negative verb of the كَانَ class. لَهُمْ — for them Grammar: لَ is a preposition and هُمْ a third-person masculine-plural genitive pronoun; the phrase is the fronted predicate of لَيْسَ. طَعَامٌ — food Grammar: An indefinite masculine-singular nominative delayed noun of لَيْسَ. إِلَّا — except Grammar: An exception particle. مِن — from Grammar: A preposition beginning the excepted phrase. This phrase is linked to «طَعَامٌ». ضَرِيعٍۢ — a bitter thorny plant Grammar: An indefinite masculine-singular genitive noun governed by مِن.

7. Surah Al-Ghashiyah · Ayah 7

لَّا يُسْمِنُ وَلَا يُغْنِى مِن جُوعٍۢ Sentence structure لَا يُسْمِنُ is a negative verbal clause; وَلَا يُغْنِى is coordinated with it. Both verbs have an understood subject referring to the food, and مِن جُوعٍ is linked to the second verb. Ayah summary That food will neither nourish the body nor relieve hunger. لَّا — Not Grammar: A non-governing negative particle. يُسْمِنُ — it nourishes Grammar: A third-person masculine-singular Form IV indicative imperfect with an understood subject referring to the food. وَلَا — and not Grammar: وَ coordinates and لَا negates without governing case. يُغْنِى — it avails Grammar: A third-person masculine-singular Form IV indicative imperfect with an understood subject referring to the food. مِن — from Grammar: A preposition linked to يُغْنِى. جُوعٍۢ — hunger Grammar: An indefinite masculine-singular genitive noun governed by مِن.

8. Surah Al-Ghashiyah · Ayah 8

وُجُوهٌۭ يَوْمَئِذٍۢ نَّاعِمَةٌۭ Sentence structure وُجُوهٌ is the nominative topic and نَّاعِمَةٌ its predicate. يَوْمَئِذٍ is the time expression linked to the predicate. Ayah summary On that day, many faces will be radiant. وُجُوهٌۭ — Faces Grammar: An indefinite broken-plural nominative topic. Across the ayah boundary, «وُجُوهٌ» carries into this ayah with an omitted predicate. يَوْمَئِذٍۢ — that Day Grammar: A time expression linked to the predicate. This phrase is linked to «وُجُوهٌ». نَّاعِمَةٌۭ — (will be) joyful Grammar: An indefinite feminine-singular nominative active participle serving as predicate.

9. Surah Al-Ghashiyah · Ayah 9

لِّسَعْيِهَا رَاضِيَةٌۭ Sentence structure لِّسَعْيِهَا is a prepositional phrase linked to رَاضِيَةٌ, which continues the description of the faces. Attached هَا is a genitive possessor. Ayah summary They will rejoice at the good outcome of their righteous effort. لِّسَعْيِهَا — With their effort Grammar: لِ is a preposition, سَعْيِ its genitive noun, and attached هَا a third-person feminine-singular possessor. This phrase is linked to «رَاضِيَةٌ». رَاضِيَةٌۭ — satisfied Grammar: An indefinite feminine-singular nominative active participle continuing the predicate/description of the faces.

Practice questions

Question 1

هَلْ أَتَىٰكَ حَدِيثُ ٱلْغَـٰشِيَةِ ۝١ What is حَدِيثُ with أَتَىٰ?

  • Nominative subject
  • Object
  • Predicate
  • Genitive complement

Question 2

وُجُوهٌۭ يَوْمَئِذٍ خَـٰشِعَةٌ ۝٢ What is خَـٰشِعَةٌ with وُجُوهٌ?

  • Object
  • Nominative predicate
  • Preposition
  • Genitive adjective

Question 3

عَامِلَةٌۭ نَّاصِبَةٌۭ ۝٣ What kind of word is عَامِلَةٌ?

  • Passive participle
  • Perfect verb
  • Feminine active participle
  • Preposition

Question 4

تَصْلَىٰ نَارًا حَامِيَةًۭ ۝٤ What is حَامِيَةً?

  • Subject
  • Predicate
  • Genitive noun
  • Accusative adjective of نَارًا

Question 5

تُسْقَىٰ مِنْ عَيْنٍ ءَانِيَةٍۢ ۝٥ What voice is تُسْقَىٰ?

  • Passive imperfect
  • Active perfect
  • Imperative
  • Active participle

Question 6

لَّيْسَ لَهُمْ طَعَامٌ إِلَّا مِن ضَرِيعٍۢ ۝٦ What is طَعَامٌ after لَّيْسَ?

  • Its predicate
  • Its delayed nominative noun
  • Object
  • Adjective

Question 7

لَّا يُسْمِنُ وَلَا يُغْنِى مِن جُوعٍۢ ۝٧ What does وَ do in وَلَا?

  • Negates
  • Makes genitive
  • Coordinates
  • Introduces a question

Question 8

وُجُوهٌۭ يَوْمَئِذٍۢ نَّاعِمَةٌۭ ۝٨ What is نَّاعِمَةٌ with وُجُوهٌ?

  • Object
  • Subject
  • Genitive complement
  • Nominative predicate

Question 9

لِّسَعْيِهَا رَاضِيَةٌۭ ۝٩ What is attached هَا in لِّسَعْيِهَا?

  • Genitive possessor
  • Subject
  • Object
  • Predicate

Open the interactive quiz