Ayahs 10–18 · word-by-word grammatical analysis Read the bilingual lesson for Surah Al-Ghashiyah — Part 2 and test your understanding with a focused quiz.
Lesson
1. Surah Al-Ghashiyah · Ayah 10
فِى جَنَّةٍ عَالِيَةٍۢ
Sentence structure
فِى جَنَّةٍ is a prepositional phrase completing the description of the blessed faces, and عَالِيَةٍ is the genitive adjective of جَنَّةٍ.
Ayah summary
They will be in a lofty garden.
فِى — In
Grammar: A preposition. This phrase is linked through an omitted element.
جَنَّةٍ — a garden
Grammar: An indefinite feminine-singular genitive noun governed by فِى.
عَالِيَةٍۢ — elevated
Grammar: An indefinite feminine-singular genitive active-participle adjective of جَنَّةٍ.
2. Surah Al-Ghashiyah · Ayah 11
لَّا تَسْمَعُ فِيهَا لَـٰغِيَةًۭ
Sentence structure
لَا negates تَسْمَعُ, whose understood subject is أَنْتَ. فِيهَا is linked to the verb and لَـٰغِيَةً is its object.
Ayah summary
No vain or hurtful speech will be heard there.
لَّا — Not
Grammar: A non-governing negative particle.
تَسْمَعُ — they will hear
Grammar: A second-person masculine-singular indicative imperfect with understood subject أَنْتَ.
فِيهَا — therein
Grammar: فِى is a preposition and attached هَا a third-person feminine-singular genitive pronoun. This phrase is linked to «تَسْمَعُ».
لَـٰغِيَةًۭ — vain talk
Grammar: An indefinite feminine-singular accusative object of تَسْمَعُ.
3. Surah Al-Ghashiyah · Ayah 12
فِيهَا عَيْنٌۭ جَارِيَةٌۭ
Sentence structure
فِيهَا is the fronted predicate and عَيْنٌ the delayed topic. جَارِيَةٌ is its nominative adjective.
Ayah summary
A spring will be flowing in that garden.
فِيهَا — Therein
Grammar: A prepositional phrase serving as the fronted predicate; attached هَا is genitive.
عَيْنٌۭ — (will be) a spring
Grammar: An indefinite feminine-singular nominative delayed topic.
جَارِيَةٌۭ — flowing
Grammar: An indefinite feminine-singular nominative active-participle adjective of عَيْنٌ.
4. Surah Al-Ghashiyah · Ayah 13
فِيهَا سُرُرٌۭ مَّرْفُوعَةٌۭ
Sentence structure
فِيهَا is the fronted predicate and سُرُرٌ the delayed topic. مَّرْفُوعَةٌ is its nominative adjective.
Ayah summary
Raised couches will be spread there.
فِيهَا — Therein
Grammar: A prepositional phrase serving as the fronted predicate; attached هَا is genitive.
سُرُرٌۭ — (will be) thrones
Grammar: An indefinite broken-plural nominative delayed topic.
مَّرْفُوعَةٌۭ — raised high
Grammar: An indefinite feminine-singular nominative passive-participle adjective of سُرُرٌ.
5. Surah Al-Ghashiyah · Ayah 14
وَأَكْوَابٌۭ مَّوْضُوعَةٌۭ
Sentence structure
وَأَكْوَابٌ is coordinated with the preceding nominative noun, and مَّوْضُوعَةٌ is its nominative adjective.
Ayah summary
Drinking cups will be set out ready before them.
وَأَكْوَابٌۭ — And cups
Grammar: وَ coordinates; أَكْوَابٌ is an indefinite broken-plural nominative noun.
مَّوْضُوعَةٌۭ — put in place
Grammar: An indefinite feminine-singular nominative passive-participle adjective of أَكْوَابٌ.
6. Surah Al-Ghashiyah · Ayah 15
وَنَمَارِقُ مَصْفُوفَةٌۭ
Sentence structure
وَنَمَارِقُ is another coordinated nominative noun, and مَصْفُوفَةٌ is its nominative adjective.
Ayah summary
Cushions will be arranged neatly in rows.
وَنَمَارِقُ — And cushions
Grammar: وَ coordinates; نَمَارِقُ is an indefinite broken-plural nominative noun.
مَصْفُوفَةٌۭ — lined up
Grammar: An indefinite feminine-singular nominative passive-participle adjective of نَمَارِقُ.
7. Surah Al-Ghashiyah · Ayah 16
وَزَرَابِىُّ مَبْثُوثَةٌ
Sentence structure
وَزَرَابِىُّ is another coordinated nominative noun, and مَبْثُوثَةٌ is its nominative adjective.
Ayah summary
Fine carpets will be spread throughout the garden.
وَزَرَابِىُّ — And carpets
Grammar: وَ coordinates; زَرَابِىُّ is an indefinite broken-plural nominative noun.
مَبْثُوثَةٌ — spread out
Grammar: An indefinite feminine-singular nominative passive-participle adjective of زَرَابِىُّ.
8. Surah Al-Ghashiyah · Ayah 17
أَفَلَا يَنظُرُونَ إِلَى ٱلْإِبِلِ كَيْفَ خُلِقَتْ
Sentence structure
أَفَلَا opens a reproachful question. يَنظُرُونَ has attached و as subject; إِلَى ٱلْإِبِلِ is linked to it, while كَيْفَ describes the manner of passive خُلِقَتْ.
Ayah summary
Do they not reflect on the remarkable creation of the camel?
أَفَلَا — Then do not
Grammar: أَ is interrogative, فَ connective, and لَا non-governing negation.
يَنظُرُونَ — they look
Grammar: A third-person masculine-plural indicative imperfect; attached و is the subject and final ن marks the indicative.
إِلَى — towards
Grammar: A preposition governing the following noun. This phrase is linked to «يَنظُرُونَ».
ٱلْإِبِلِ — the camels
Grammar: ٱل is the definite article; إِبِلِ is a genitive collective noun governed by إِلَى.
كَيْفَ — how
Grammar: An interrogative adverb functioning as a circumstantial expression for the following passive verb.
خُلِقَتْ — they are created
Grammar: A third-person feminine-singular passive perfect; its deputy subject is an understood pronoun referring to the camels.
9. Surah Al-Ghashiyah · Ayah 18
وَإِلَى ٱلسَّمَآءِ كَيْفَ رُفِعَتْ
Sentence structure
وَإِلَى ٱلسَّمَآءِ is coordinated with the preceding prepositional phrase. كَيْفَ describes the manner of passive رُفِعَتْ.
Ayah summary
Do they not reflect on how the sky was raised without visible supports?
وَإِلَى — And towards
Grammar: وَ coordinates and إِلَى is a preposition. This phrase is linked across the ayah boundary to «يَنظُرُونَ».
ٱلسَّمَآءِ — the sky
Grammar: ٱل is the definite article; سَّمَآءِ is a feminine-singular genitive noun governed by إِلَى.
كَيْفَ — how
Grammar: An interrogative adverb functioning as a circumstantial expression for رُفِعَتْ.
رُفِعَتْ — it is raised
Grammar: A third-person feminine-singular passive perfect; its understood deputy subject refers to the sky.