Surah Al-Inshiqaq — Part 2

Ayahs 8–13 · word-by-word grammatical analysis Read the bilingual lesson for Surah Al-Inshiqaq — Part 2 and test your understanding with a focused quiz.

Lesson

1. Surah Al-Inshiqaq · Ayah 8

فَسَوْفَ يُحَاسَبُ حِسَابًۭا يَسِيرًۭا Sentence structure فَ begins the result and سَوْفَ marks the future. يُحَاسَبُ is a Form III passive imperfect with understood هُوَ as deputy subject. حِسَابًا is a cognate accusative and يَسِيرًا its adjective. Ayah summary That person will receive an easy account without severe questioning. فَسَوْفَ — Then soon Grammar: فَ begins the result and سَوْفَ is a future particle. يُحَاسَبُ — his account will be taken Grammar: A Form III passive third-person masculine-singular imperfect with understood هُوَ as deputy subject. حِسَابًۭا — an account Grammar: An indefinite accusative verbal noun functioning as a cognate accusative. يَسِيرًۭا — easy Grammar: An indefinite masculine-singular accusative adjective describing حِسَابًا.

2. Surah Al-Inshiqaq · Ayah 9

وَيَنقَلِبُ إِلَىٰٓ أَهْلِهِۦ مَسْرُورًۭا Sentence structure وَيَنقَلِبُ is a coordinated Form VII imperfect with understood هُوَ as subject. إِلَىٰٓ أَهْلِهِۦ is linked to it and مَسْرُورًا is an accusative circumstance. Ayah summary They will return to their people in happiness and peace. وَيَنقَلِبُ — And he will return Grammar: وَ coordinates; يَنقَلِبُ is a Form VII third-person masculine-singular imperfect with understood هُوَ as subject. إِلَىٰٓ — to Grammar: A preposition linked to يَنقَلِبُ. أَهْلِهِۦ — his people Grammar: أَهْلِ is genitive after إِلَىٰٓ and attached هِۦ its genitive possessor. مَسْرُورًۭا — happily Grammar: An indefinite accusative passive participle functioning as a circumstance.

3. Surah Al-Inshiqaq · Ayah 10

وَأَمَّا مَنْ أُوتِىَ كِتَـٰبَهُۥ وَرَآءَ ظَهْرِهِۦ Sentence structure وَأَمَّا begins the counterpart case. مَنْ is a relative topic; passive أُوتِىَ is its relative clause with understood هُوَ as deputy subject. كِتَـٰبَهُۥ is the object and وَرَآءَ ظَهْرِهِۦ an accusative place phrase linked to the verb. The result follows in ayah 11. Ayah summary The person given their record behind the back into the left hand will meet severe failure. وَأَمَّا — But as for Grammar: وَ resumes and أَمَّا introduces the counterpart detailed case whose result follows in ayah 11. مَنْ — (him) who Grammar: A relative pronoun functioning as the topic; the passive clause أُوتِىَ is its relative clause. أُوتِىَ — is given Grammar: A Form IV passive third-person masculine-singular perfect with understood هُوَ as deputy subject. كِتَـٰبَهُۥ — his record Grammar: كِتَـٰبَ is the accusative object of أُوتِىَ and attached هُۥ its genitive possessor. وَرَآءَ — behind Grammar: An accusative adverb of place, annexed to ظَهْرِهِۦ and linked to أُوتِىَ. ظَهْرِهِۦ — his back Grammar: ظَهْرِ is the genitive complement of وَرَآءَ and attached هِۦ its genitive possessor.

4. Surah Al-Inshiqaq · Ayah 11

فَسَوْفَ يَدْعُوا۟ ثُبُورًۭا Sentence structure فَ begins the result and سَوْفَ marks the future. يَدْعُوا۟ is a third-person masculine-singular imperfect with understood هُوَ as subject; its final wāw belongs to the root, not to a plural suffix. ثُبُورًا is its object. Ayah summary From fear of the punishment, that person will cry out for death. فَسَوْفَ — Then soon Grammar: فَ begins the result and سَوْفَ is a future particle. يَدْعُوا۟ — he will call Grammar: A third-person masculine-singular imperfect with understood هُوَ as subject. The final wāw is the root-final weak letter, and the following alif is orthographic; it is not wāw al-jamāʿah. ثُبُورًۭا — (for) destruction Grammar: An indefinite accusative verbal noun functioning as the object of يَدْعُوا۟.

5. Surah Al-Inshiqaq · Ayah 12

وَيَصْلَىٰ سَعِيرًا Sentence structure وَيَصْلَىٰ is a coordinated third-person masculine-singular imperfect with understood هُوَ as subject. سَعِيرًا is its accusative object. Ayah summary That person will enter the blazing Fire. وَيَصْلَىٰ — And he will burn Grammar: وَ coordinates; يَصْلَىٰ is a third-person masculine-singular imperfect with understood هُوَ as subject. سَعِيرًا — (in) a Blaze Grammar: An indefinite accusative noun functioning as the object of يَصْلَىٰ.

6. Surah Al-Inshiqaq · Ayah 13

إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ فِىٓ أَهْلِهِۦ مَسْرُورًا Sentence structure Attached هُۥ is the noun of إِنَّ, and كَانَ فِىٓ أَهْلِهِۦ مَسْرُورًا is its predicate clause. كَانَ has understood هُوَ as its noun and مَسْرُورًا as its accusative predicate. Ayah summary In the world, that person lived happily with the family while heedless of the Hereafter. إِنَّهُۥ — Indeed, he Grammar: إِنَّ is accusative and emphatic; attached هُۥ is its accusative noun. كَانَ — had been Grammar: A deficient third-person masculine-singular perfect with understood هُوَ as its noun and مَسْرُورًا as its predicate. فِىٓ — among Grammar: A preposition; the phrase فِىٓ أَهْلِهِۦ is linked to كَانَ. أَهْلِهِۦ — his people Grammar: أَهْلِ is genitive after فِىٓ and attached هِۦ its genitive possessor. مَسْرُورًا — happy Grammar: An indefinite accusative passive participle functioning as the predicate of كَانَ.

Practice questions

Question 1

فَسَوْفَ يُحَاسَبُ حِسَابًۭا يَسِيرًۭا ۝٨ What is يَسِيرًا?

  • Subject
  • Object
  • Cognate accusative
  • Adjective of حِسَابًا

Question 2

وَيَنقَلِبُ إِلَىٰٓ أَهْلِهِۦ مَسْرُورًۭا ۝٩ What is the role of مَسْرُورًا?

  • Accusative circumstance
  • Subject
  • Object
  • Genitive complement

Question 3

وَأَمَّا مَنْ أُوتِىَ كِتَـٰبَهُۥ وَرَآءَ ظَهْرِهِۦ ۝١٠ What is وَرَآءَ?

  • Subject
  • Accusative place adverb linked to أُوتِىَ
  • Object
  • Adjective

Question 4

فَسَوْفَ يَدْعُوا۟ ثُبُورًۭا ۝١١ What is the final wāw in يَدْعُوا۟?

  • Plural-subject suffix
  • Attached object
  • Root-final weak letter
  • Indicative nūn

Question 5

وَيَصْلَىٰ سَعِيرًا ۝١٢ What is the role of سَعِيرًا?

  • Subject
  • Adjective
  • Circumstance
  • Object

Question 6

إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ فِىٓ أَهْلِهِۦ مَسْرُورًا ۝١٣ What is مَسْرُورًا in the deficient clause?

  • Predicate of كَانَ
  • Noun of كَانَ
  • Circumstance
  • Object

Open the interactive quiz