Ayahs 24–29 · word-by-word grammatical analysis Read the bilingual lesson for Surah At-Takwir — Part 4 and test your understanding with a focused quiz.
Lesson
1. Surah At-Takwir · Ayah 24
وَمَا هُوَ عَلَى ٱلْغَيْبِ بِضَنِينٍ
Sentence structure
مَا negates the nominal clause. هُوَ is its topic, عَلَى ٱلْغَيْبِ relates to ضَنِينٍ, and emphatic بِ makes the predicate genitive in form.
Ayah summary
The Prophet ﷺ does not withhold the revealed knowledge of the unseen from people.
وَمَا — And not
Grammar: وَ resumes the discourse. مَا is a negative particle; in the learner-default Hijazi analysis it functions like لَيْسَ.
هُوَ — he (is)
Grammar: هُوَ is a pronoun functioning as the اسم ما.
عَلَى — on
Grammar: عَلَى is a preposition functioning as the linked complement.
ٱلْغَيْبِ — the unseen
Grammar: ٱلْ is the definite article. genitive noun functioning as the genitive complement.
بِضَنِينٍۢ — a withholder
Grammar: Emphatic بِ makes the predicate ضَنِينٍ genitive in form.
2. Surah At-Takwir · Ayah 25
وَمَا هُوَ بِقَوْلِ شَيْطَـٰنٍ رَّجِيمٍ
Sentence structure
The negative nominal clause has هُوَ as its topic. قَوْلِ is the predicate, genitive in form after emphatic بِ, شَيْطَـٰنٍ its genitive complement, and رَّجِيمٍ an adjective.
Ayah summary
The Qur’an is not a message brought by any accursed devil.
وَمَا — And not
Grammar: وَ connects this clause to the preceding denial. مَا is a negative particle; it does not make any verb jussive.
هُوَ — it
Grammar: هُوَ is a pronoun functioning as the اسم ما.
بِقَوْلِ — (is the) word
Grammar: Emphatic بِ makes predicate قَوْلِ genitive in form; it is also mudāf.
شَيْطَـٰنٍۢ — (of) Shaitaan
Grammar: genitive noun functioning as the genitive complement.
رَّجِيمٍۢ — accursed
Grammar: genitive adjective functioning as the adjective.
3. Surah At-Takwir · Ayah 26
فَأَيْنَ تَذْهَبُونَ
Sentence structure
أَيْنَ is an interrogative locative adverb. تَذْهَبُونَ is a second-person plural imperfect of the five verbs: its penultimate و is the subject and final ن marks the indicative.
Ayah summary
After these clear proofs, where are you going by turning away from the truth?
فَأَيْنَ — So where
Grammar: فَ resumes or draws an inference; أَيْنَ is an accusative interrogative locative adverb.
تَذْهَبُونَ — are you going
Grammar: A second-person masculine plural imperfect of the five verbs. The penultimate و is wāw al-jamāʿah and the subject; the final ن is the indicative marker of the five verbs.
4. Surah At-Takwir · Ayah 27
إِنْ هُوَ إِلَّا ذِكْرٌ لِّلْعَـٰلَمِينَ
Sentence structure
Here إِنْ is a non-governing negative particle, not a condition. هُوَ is the topic, إِلَّا restricts the meaning, and ذِكْرٌ is the nominative predicate.
Ayah summary
The Qur’an is a reminder for all people.
إِنْ — Not
Grammar: A non-governing negative particle meaning “not”; it is not conditional here.
هُوَ — it
Grammar: هُوَ is a detached third-person masculine singular pronoun functioning as the topic.
إِلَّا — (is) except
Grammar: A restrictive particle forming the negative-exceptive construction.
ذِكْرٌۭ — a reminder
Grammar: nominative noun functioning as the predicate.
لِّلْعَـٰلَمِينَ — to the worlds
Grammar: لِّ is a preposition. لْ is the definite article. genitive noun functioning as the genitive complement.
5. Surah At-Takwir · Ayah 28
لِمَن شَآءَ مِنكُمْ أَن يَسْتَقِيمَ
Sentence structure
لِمَن is a prepositional relative phrase, شَآءَ its relative clause, and أَن يَسْتَقِيمَ the infinitival object of willing; يَسْتَقِيمَ is subjunctive after أَن.
Ayah summary
This reminder benefits whoever sincerely wishes to follow the straight path.
لِمَن — For whoever
Grammar: لِ is a preposition and relative مَن is genitive; the phrase is appositional to the preceding beneficiaries.
شَآءَ — wills
Grammar: third-person masculine singular perfect verb; it functions as the relative clause.
مِنكُمْ — among you
Grammar: مِنْ is a preposition and attached كُمْ its genitive pronoun; the phrase qualifies مَن.
أَن — to
Grammar: أَن is an infinitival particle that makes the following imperfect subjunctive; the full clause أَن يَسْتَقِيمَ forms the object of شَآءَ.
يَسْتَقِيمَ — take a straight way
Grammar: A Form X active imperfect, third-person masculine singular, subjunctive after أَن.
6. Surah At-Takwir · Ayah 29
وَمَا تَشَآءُونَ إِلَّآ أَن يَشَآءَ ٱللَّهُ رَبُّ ٱلْعَـٰلَمِينَ
Sentence structure
The negative-exceptive construction limits human willing to Allah’s will. تَشَآءُونَ is an indicative verb of the five verbs: its penultimate و is the subject and final ن marks the indicative. يَشَآءَ is subjunctive after أَن, and ٱللَّهُ is its explicit subject.
Ayah summary
A person’s will becomes effective only when Allah, Lord of all worlds, wills.
وَمَا — And not
Grammar: وَ is a resumption particle. مَا is a non-jussive negative particle.
تَشَآءُونَ — you will
Grammar: A second-person masculine plural imperfect of the five verbs. The penultimate و is wāw al-jamāʿah and the subject; the final ن is the indicative marker of the five verbs.
إِلَّآ — except
Grammar: إِلَّآ is أداة حصر functioning as the حصر.
أَن — that
Grammar: أَن is a subordinating particle.
يَشَآءَ — wills
Grammar: A third-person masculine singular active imperfect, subjunctive after أَن.
ٱللَّهُ — Allah
Grammar: The proper name of Allah, nominative as the explicit subject of يَشَآءَ.
رَبُّ — Lord
Grammar: A nominative adjective or apposition to ٱللَّهُ; it is mudāf.
ٱلْعَـٰلَمِينَ — (of) the worlds
Grammar: ٱلْ is the definite article. genitive noun functioning as the genitive complement.