Surah At-Tin — Part 1

Ayahs 1–8 · word-by-word grammatical analysis Read the bilingual lesson for Surah At-Tin — Part 1 and test your understanding with a focused quiz.

Lesson

1. Surah At-Tin · Ayah 1

وَٱلتِّينِ وَٱلزَّيْتُونِ ۝١ Sentence structure وَٱلتِّينِ is a genitive oath phrase. وَٱلزَّيْتُونِ is coordinated with it and is likewise genitive. Ayah summary Allah swears by the fig and the olive. وَٱلتِّينِ — By the fig Grammar: وَ is the oath preposition; the defined masculine noun is genitive. The oath phrase is linked to an omitted oath verb. وَٱلزَّيْتُونِ — and the olive Grammar: وَ coordinates; the defined masculine noun is genitive like the preceding oath noun.

2. Surah At-Tin · Ayah 2

وَطُورِ سِينِينَ ۝٢ Sentence structure وَطُورِ is coordinated as another genitive oath noun and is annexed to سِينِينَ, its genitive complement. Ayah summary And Allah swears by Mount Sinai. وَطُورِ — And Mount Grammar: وَ coordinates/oath-links; طُورِ is a masculine genitive noun annexed onward. سِينِينَ — Sinai Grammar: A proper noun functioning as the genitive complement of طُورِ.

3. Surah At-Tin · Ayah 3

وَهَـٰذَا ٱلْبَلَدِ ٱلْأَمِينِ ۝٣ Sentence structure وَ continues the oath; هَـٰذَا is a demonstrative, ٱلْبَلَدِ its appositional specification, and ٱلْأَمِينِ a genitive adjective. Ayah summary And He swears by the secure city of Makkah. وَهَـٰذَا — And this Grammar: وَ continues the oath and هَـٰذَا is a masculine-singular demonstrative. ٱلْبَلَدِ — the city Grammar: A defined masculine genitive noun in apposition/specification to هَـٰذَا. ٱلْأَمِينِ — the secure Grammar: A defined masculine genitive adjective describing ٱلْبَلَدِ.

4. Surah At-Tin · Ayah 4

لَقَدْ خَلَقْنَا ٱلْإِنسَـٰنَ فِىٓ أَحْسَنِ تَقْوِيمٍ ۝٤ Sentence structure لَ emphasizes and قَدْ confirms the perfect خَلَقْنَا; نَا is subject and ٱلْإِنسَـٰنَ object. فِىٓ أَحْسَنِ تَقْوِيمٍ is linked to the verb through a genitive annexation. Ayah summary Allah created the human being in the finest form and with excellent abilities. لَقَدْ — Indeed Grammar: لَ emphasizes and قَدْ confirms the following perfect. خَلَقْنَا — We created Grammar: A perfect with attached first-person-plural subject نَا. ٱلْإِنسَـٰنَ — the human Grammar: A defined masculine accusative object of خَلَقْنَا. فِىٓ — in Grammar: A preposition introducing the following phrase. This phrase is linked to «خَلَقْ». أَحْسَنِ — the best Grammar: A masculine genitive elative noun after فِىٓ, annexed to the next noun. تَقْوِيمٍۢ — form Grammar: A masculine indefinite genitive complement of أَحْسَنِ.

5. Surah At-Tin · Ayah 5

ثُمَّ رَدَدْنَـٰهُ أَسْفَلَ سَـٰفِلِينَ ۝٥ Sentence structure ثُمَّ coordinates with sequence. رَدَدْنَـٰهُ has attached subject نَا and object هُ. أَسْفَلَ سَـٰفِلِينَ is linked to the verb as an annexed expression. Ayah summary Then denial and evil conduct bring the human being down to the lowest state. ثُمَّ — Then Grammar: A coordinating particle indicating sequence with delay. رَدَدْنَـٰهُ — We returned him Grammar: A perfect with attached subject نَا and masculine-singular object هُ. أَسْفَلَ — the lowest Grammar: A masculine accusative elative expression linked to رَدَدْنَـٰهُ and annexed onward. سَـٰفِلِينَ — of the low Grammar: A masculine-plural genitive complement of أَسْفَلَ.

6. Surah At-Tin · Ayah 6

إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ وَعَمِلُوا۟ ٱلصَّـٰلِحَـٰتِ فَلَهُمْ أَجْرٌ غَيْرُ مَمْنُونٍ ۝٦ Sentence structure إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ introduces the exception; ءَامَنُوا۟ وَعَمِلُوا۟ form its relative clause with plural subjects, and ٱلصَّـٰلِحَـٰتِ is object. فَلَهُمْ أَجْرٌ is a nominal result clause; غَيْرُ مَمْنُونٍ describes the reward through annexation. Ayah summary But those who believe and do righteous deeds will have a reward that never ends. إِلَّا — Except Grammar: A particle introducing the exception. ٱلَّذِينَ — those who Grammar: A masculine-plural relative noun forming the excepted group; its relative clause follows. ءَامَنُوا۟ — believed Grammar: A Form IV masculine-plural perfect; attached وا is the subject. وَعَمِلُوا۟ — and did Grammar: وَ coordinates; the masculine-plural perfect has attached subject وا. ٱلصَّـٰلِحَـٰتِ — righteous deeds Grammar: A defined feminine-plural accusative object of عَمِلُوا۟. فَلَهُمْ — then for them Grammar: فَ introduces the result; لِ is a preposition and هُمْ a plural genitive pronoun; the phrase is the fronted predicate. أَجْرٌ — a reward Grammar: An indefinite masculine nominative delayed subject. غَيْرُ — unending Grammar: A masculine nominative appositional descriptor of أَجْرٌ, annexed onward. مَمْنُونٍۢ — ending Grammar: A masculine genitive passive participle, the complement of غَيْرُ.

7. Surah At-Tin · Ayah 7

فَمَا يُكَذِّبُكَ بَعْدُ بِٱلدِّينِ ۝٧ Sentence structure فَ connects and مَا is interrogative. يُكَذِّبُكَ is Form II with understood subject هُوَ and attached object كَ; بَعْدُ and بِٱلدِّينِ are linked to the verb. Ayah summary After these clear proofs, there is no reason to deny recompense and judgment. فَمَا — Then what Grammar: فَ connects and مَا is an interrogative noun linked to the following verb. يُكَذِّبُكَ — causes you to deny Grammar: A Form II third-person masculine-singular imperfect with understood subject هُوَ and attached object كَ. بَعْدُ — afterwards Grammar: An adverb linked to يُكَذِّبُكَ, built on ḍamma because its complement is omitted but understood. بِٱلدِّينِ — the judgment Grammar: بِ is a preposition; the defined masculine noun is genitive and the phrase links to the verb. This phrase is linked to «يُكَذِّبُ».

8. Surah At-Tin · Ayah 8

أَلَيْسَ ٱللَّهُ بِأَحْكَمِ ٱلْحَـٰكِمِينَ ۝٨ Sentence structure Interrogative أَ precedes negative incomplete verb لَيْسَ. ٱللَّهُ is its nominative noun; بِأَحْكَمِ ٱلْحَـٰكِمِينَ is the predicate phrase with a genitive annexation. Ayah summary Surely Allah is the greatest and wisest of all judges. أَلَيْسَ — Is not Grammar: أَ is interrogative and لَيْسَ a negative incomplete past verb. ٱللَّهُ — Allah Grammar: A proper noun functioning as the nominative noun of لَيْسَ. بِأَحْكَمِ — the wisest judge Grammar: بِ is the extra preposition in the predicate; أَحْكَمِ is a masculine genitive elative noun, locally the predicate, annexed onward. ٱلْحَـٰكِمِينَ — of the judges Grammar: A defined masculine-plural genitive complement of أَحْكَمِ.

Practice questions

Question 1

وَٱلتِّينِ وَٱلزَّيْتُونِ ۝١ What is the grammatical state of ٱلزَّيْتُونِ?

  • Coordinated and genitive
  • Subject and nominative
  • Object and accusative
  • Predicate and nominative

Question 2

وَطُورِ سِينِينَ ۝٢ What is سِينِينَ with طُورِ?

  • Object
  • Genitive complement
  • Subject
  • Predicate

Question 3

وَهَـٰذَا ٱلْبَلَدِ ٱلْأَمِينِ ۝٣ What is ٱلْأَمِينِ?

  • Accusative object
  • Nominative subject
  • Genitive adjective
  • Jussive verb

Question 4

لَقَدْ خَلَقْنَا ٱلْإِنسَـٰنَ فِىٓ أَحْسَنِ تَقْوِيمٍ ۝٤ What is ٱلْإِنسَـٰنَ with خَلَقْنَا?

  • Subject
  • Predicate
  • Genitive complement
  • Accusative object

Question 5

ثُمَّ رَدَدْنَـٰهُ أَسْفَلَ سَـٰفِلِينَ ۝٥ What are نَا and هُ in رَدَدْنَـٰهُ?

  • Na is subject and hu is object
  • Both are subjects
  • Na is object and hu is subject
  • Both are genitive

Question 6

إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ وَعَمِلُوا۟ ٱلصَّـٰلِحَـٰتِ فَلَهُمْ أَجْرٌ غَيْرُ مَمْنُونٍ ۝٦ What is ٱلصَّـٰلِحَـٰتِ with عَمِلُوا۟?

  • Subject
  • Object
  • Predicate
  • Genitive noun

Question 7

فَمَا يُكَذِّبُكَ بَعْدُ بِٱلدِّينِ ۝٧ What is the attached كَ in يُكَذِّبُكَ?

  • Subject
  • Predicate
  • Object
  • Genitive complement

Question 8

أَلَيْسَ ٱللَّهُ بِأَحْكَمِ ٱلْحَـٰكِمِينَ ۝٨ What is ٱللَّهُ with لَيْسَ?

  • Accusative object
  • Genitive noun
  • Predicate
  • Nominative noun of Laysa

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