The Ada/Qada distinctions also apply to duties owed to people. Begin with the original item:
• Returning the wrongfully taken item, or delivering the very item sold, intact illustrates complete Ada.
• Delivering that original item with a defect illustrates deficient Ada.
For example, a wrongfully taken goat becomes ill or breaks a leg, reducing its value. Returning that same goat is original-item performance, but a quality is missing. Same identity and intact condition are different questions.
- Returning the Original Item