An analogy offers resemblance between new and original cases but never proves the original ruling. Where is the defect?

Capstone Practice: Diagnosing Legal Reasoning Errors and Weighing Evidence

• The ruling of the original case is unestablished
• Absence of the cause in the new case is already proved
• It must be a fortiori analogy
• This is only a case of bayān al-ḍarūrah