A rule is unambiguous, but Zayd’s attendance that day is uncertain. Which stage lacks evidence?

Diagnosing Errors in Usuli Reasoning — Integrated Case Workshops

• The wording of the rule has become mutashabih
• Application requires finding a figurative sense despite clarity
• Proof of the fact needed to apply the rule to Zayd
• Uncertainty about a fact is a new type of dalalah al-nass