LessonsFive Grounds for Departing from Literal MeaningQuiz

«كل مملوك لي فهو حر» لم يعتق مكاتبه، ولا من أعتق بعضه
Under the analysis presented, 'Every person owned by me is free' does not encompass a contractually enfranchising slave (*mukātab*) or someone already partially emancipated in the same way as an ordinary fully owned slave.

The noun 'owned' may look general. But the consequent, 'is free', determines what kind of legal ownership can receive the full effect. A *mukātab* has a legally qualified ownership status; a partially freed person also differs from a fully owned slave.

This example shows how the operative legal predicate can restrict an otherwise expansive subject. The meaning is settled from the relation between the very terms in the utterance.

Opening interactive controls...

The condition within “every owned person is free”

Five Grounds for Departing from Literal Meaning

«كل مملوك لي فهو حر» لم يعتق مكاتبه، ولا من أعتق بعضه
Under the analysis presented, 'Every person owned by me is free' does not encompass a contractually enfranchising slave (*mukātab*) or someone already partially emancipated in the same way as an ordinary fully owned slave.

The noun 'owned' may look general. But the consequent, 'is free', determines what kind of legal ownership can receive the full effect. A *mukātab* has a legally qualified ownership status; a partially freed person also differs from a fully owned slave.

This example shows how the operative legal predicate can restrict an otherwise expansive subject. The meaning is settled from the relation between the very terms in the utterance.