«والمولى إذا رأى عبده يبيع ويشتري في السوق فسكت كان ذلك بمنزلة الإذن»
“If an owner sees his enslaved person buying and selling in the market and remains silent, that silence can count as authorization.”
In the classical legal setting, the validity of such commercial activity depended on the owner's authority. Silence while observing the trading can provide implied permission for the relevant acts.
With express permission, the owner grants authority in words. With implied permission, the circumstances of observing and allowing the transaction provide evidence. Both may produce authorization, but the evidence differs.
An unrelated person's silence does not confer unlimited agency. The owner's legal status and direct awareness of the commercial conduct are essential to this example.