The commanded act has two main categories:
• Hasan li-aynihi: goodness belongs to the act itself. This is intrinsic goodness.
• Hasan li-ghayrihi: goodness comes through another act or purpose. This is dependent goodness.
These names identify where the goodness comes from. They do not mean “good versus bad” or “required versus optional.” Each main category has two further forms, which the examples will make clear.
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Quality of the Commanded Act: Intrinsic and Dependent Goodness
The commanded act has two main categories:
• Hasan li-aynihi: goodness belongs to the act itself. This is intrinsic goodness.
• Hasan li-ghayrihi: goodness comes through another act or purpose. This is dependent goodness.
These names identify where the goodness comes from. They do not mean “good versus bad” or “required versus optional.” Each main category has two further forms, which the examples will make clear.