LessonsThe Scope of General Expressions, Specification and Solitary ReportsQuiz

لأن المخصَّص الذي أخرج البعض عن الجملة لو أخرج بعضاً مجهولاً يثبت الاحتمال
If specification has removed an unidentified part of a group, uncertainty is introduced.

Known exclusion: The evidence identifies precisely which individuals or class are removed; their identity is not uncertain.
Unknown exclusion: It is established that some were excluded, but not which ones; inclusion of a particular remaining individual can therefore be uncertain.

The distinction matters because the degree of certainty with which the text applies to a specific case may depend on whether the exclusion is known or unknown.

Opening interactive controls...

Known and unknown excluded members

The Scope of General Expressions, Specification and Solitary Reports

لأن المخصَّص الذي أخرج البعض عن الجملة لو أخرج بعضاً مجهولاً يثبت الاحتمال
If specification has removed an unidentified part of a group, uncertainty is introduced.

Known exclusion: The evidence identifies precisely which individuals or class are removed; their identity is not uncertain.
Unknown exclusion: It is established that some were excluded, but not which ones; inclusion of a particular remaining individual can therefore be uncertain.

The distinction matters because the degree of certainty with which the text applies to a specific case may depend on whether the exclusion is known or unknown.