والطعوم، وأنواعها تسعة
Tastes are enumerated as nine kinds.
The historical taxonomy names:
al-marārah — bitterness.
al-ḥirqah — a burning or sharp taste.
al-mulūḥah — saltiness.
al-ʿufūṣah — astringent tartness.
al-ḥumūḍah — sourness.
al-qabḍ — constricting or strongly astringent taste.
al-ḥalāwah — sweetness.
al-dusūmah — fattiness.
al-tafāhah — insipidity.
Composite flavors can display several qualities. This is a classical classification of sensations, not contemporary gustatory science.