Classical philosophical psychology commonly distinguishes five inner faculties: common sense, imagination, estimation, memory and the compositive faculty. They were invoked to explain how perceptual forms are gathered, retained and recombined, and how particular meanings are apprehended.
Common sense: integration of inputs from external senses.
Imagination: retention of sensible forms after objects disappear.
Estimation: grasping particular meanings not directly sensed.
Memory: retaining such particular meanings.
Compositive faculty: combining or separating stored representations.
This is a historical philosophical model, not an established map of the modern brain.