وَإِنَّ مُحَمَّدًا صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَبْدُهُ الْمُصْطَفَى وَنَبِيُّهُ الْمُجْتَبَى وَرَسُولُهُ الْمُرْتَضَى
Muhammad ﷺ is Allah’s chosen servant, selected Prophet, and approved Messenger.
Clause structure: ʿAbduhu, nabiyyuhu, and rasūluhu are coordinated descriptions of the same referent: Muḥammad ﷺ. Several predicates do not imply several persons.
Meaning and inference: His servanthood, prophethood, and messengership are consistent attributes of one person, not competing identities.
Limit of inference: Affirming servanthood does not diminish prophetic rank; affirming messengership does not confer divine attributes.