LessonsThe Universality of Divine Knowledge and Power: Classical ObjectionsQuiz

Creating ignorance is not identical to being ignorant. A creature's state of not knowing does not imply ignorance in the one who brought that creature and its states into existence.

The attributes of a created object need not transfer to its creator. Creating fire, for example, does not imply bodily heat in the creator; similarly, a creature's ignorance does not imply divine ignorance.

The argument distinguishes the cause of a state from the subject in which the state inheres.

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Causing a quality versus possessing it

The Universality of Divine Knowledge and Power: Classical Objections

Creating ignorance is not identical to being ignorant. A creature's state of not knowing does not imply ignorance in the one who brought that creature and its states into existence.

The attributes of a created object need not transfer to its creator. Creating fire, for example, does not imply bodily heat in the creator; similarly, a creature's ignorance does not imply divine ignorance.

The argument distinguishes the cause of a state from the subject in which the state inheres.