LessonsZuhayr ibn Abī Sulmā: Ḥuṣayn ibn Ḍamḍam, Revenge and the Cost of Bloodshed (Verses 33–42)Quiz

The same root ẓ-l-m produces two different perspectives in verse 38:

يُظْلَمْ — passive imperfect: he is wronged.
يَظْلِمْ — active imperfect: he commits wrong.

Changing the grammatical voice also changes moral agency. Someone initially presented as a victim of injury may become the initiator of injury. This is more than a formal change of verb pattern.

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Yuẓlam and yaẓlim: passive versus active

Zuhayr ibn Abī Sulmā: Ḥuṣayn ibn Ḍamḍam, Revenge and the Cost of Bloodshed (Verses 33–42)

The same root ẓ-l-m produces two different perspectives in verse 38:

يُظْلَمْ — passive imperfect: he is wronged.
يَظْلِمْ — active imperfect: he commits wrong.

Changing the grammatical voice also changes moral agency. Someone initially presented as a victim of injury may become the initiator of injury. This is more than a formal change of verb pattern.