LessonsʿAṭf al-Bayān, Badal and Coordination: Clarifying, Reinforcing and Specifying the SubjectQuiz

جَاءَنِي زَيْدٌ لَا عَمْرٌو
Zayd came to me, not ʿAmr.

Here «lā» does not merely add another name. It corrects a possible mistaken belief by affirming the arrival of Zayd and negating it of ʿAmr.

Compare «Zayd and ʿAmr came» with «Zayd, not ʿAmr, came». The conjunction selects a narrower extension of the predicate; this is a rhetorical correction of attribution.

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Lā: affirming one and excluding another

ʿAṭf al-Bayān, Badal and Coordination: Clarifying, Reinforcing and Specifying the Subject

جَاءَنِي زَيْدٌ لَا عَمْرٌو
Zayd came to me, not ʿAmr.

Here «lā» does not merely add another name. It corrects a possible mistaken belief by affirming the arrival of Zayd and negating it of ʿAmr.

Compare «Zayd and ʿAmr came» with «Zayd, not ʿAmr, came». The conjunction selects a narrower extension of the predicate; this is a rhetorical correction of attribution.