Compare three expressions: رأيت أسدًا يرمي, طويل النجاد and إني أراك تقدم رجلاً وتؤخر أخرى. The first metaphorically applies “lion” to a brave man; the second implies height through the length of a sword-strap; the third transfers a whole image of physical advance and retreat to indecision.
ExpressionIntended meaningPrimary device
A lion shooting arrowsA brave personPrimary metaphor
Long sword-strapTall statureKināyah
One foot forward, one backIndecisionRepresentational metaphor
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Comprehensive Review and Application: Bayān, Badīʿ and the Final Rhetorical Arts
Compare three expressions: رأيت أسدًا يرمي, طويل النجاد and إني أراك تقدم رجلاً وتؤخر أخرى. The first metaphorically applies “lion” to a brave man; the second implies height through the length of a sword-strap; the third transfers a whole image of physical advance and retreat to indecision.
ExpressionIntended meaningPrimary device
A lion shooting arrowsA brave personPrimary metaphor
Long sword-strapTall statureKināyah
One foot forward, one backIndecisionRepresentational metaphor