LessonsConditions of the Predicate: Ellipsis, Reconstruction and ExpressionQuiz

لِيَبْكِ يَزِيدَ ضَارِعٌ
Let a needy man mourn Yazīd.

Active analysis: «يَبْكِ» is active, «يَزِيدَ» is the fronted object, and «ضَارِعٌ» the delayed agent. The needy person performs the mourning and Yazīd is its object.

Passive analysis: A reading such as «لِيُبْكَ يَزِيدُ» uses a passive verb and nominative Yazīd as the grammatical deputy subject; the remaining words then require their own syntactic attachments. It is not merely a new label for the active reading: verbal voice and case differ.

Rhetorical explanation depends on first distinguishing the mourner from the person mourned. A change in these assignments changes the direction of the predication, not just its wording.

Opening interactive controls...

Active and passive analyses of the lament

Conditions of the Predicate: Ellipsis, Reconstruction and Expression

لِيَبْكِ يَزِيدَ ضَارِعٌ
Let a needy man mourn Yazīd.

Active analysis: «يَبْكِ» is active, «يَزِيدَ» is the fronted object, and «ضَارِعٌ» the delayed agent. The needy person performs the mourning and Yazīd is its object.

Passive analysis: A reading such as «لِيُبْكَ يَزِيدُ» uses a passive verb and nominative Yazīd as the grammatical deputy subject; the remaining words then require their own syntactic attachments. It is not merely a new label for the active reading: verbal voice and case differ.

Rhetorical explanation depends on first distinguishing the mourner from the person mourned. A change in these assignments changes the direction of the predication, not just its wording.