The preceding discussion has concerned the states of the subject of predication and several related departures from the expected surface form. It has repeatedly shown that word order, reference and perspective influence the transmission of meaning.
أَحْوَالُ الْمُسْنَدِ
The rhetorical states of the predicate.
The next heading turns to the predicate: its mention or omission, definiteness, ordering and other features. Understanding the devices just studied helps maintain the distinction between the grammatical relation of subject and predicate and the contextual purposes guiding their expression.