LessonsIltifāt and Related Departures from Expected ExpressionQuiz

Example 1: «مَالِكِ يَوْمِ الدِّينِ» followed by «إِيَّاكَ نَعْبُدُ»
Third-person to direct address: iltifāt; fronted «إِيَّاكَ» also conveys exclusivity.

Example 2: the answer «مَوَاقِيتُ لِلنَّاسِ» to «يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الْأَهِلَّةِ»
Directing the inquiry to the useful function rather than only the apparent shape-question.

Example 3: future judgment scenes described with «فَفَزِعَ»
Past form portraying the future as certain and vivid.

Example 4: «عَرَضْتُ النَّاقَةَ عَلَى الْحَوْضِ»
Inversion of the ordinary relation, provided the context reveals the intention.

A complete rhetorical diagnosis identifies both the construction and its intended benefit.

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Worked classification across the whole passage

Iltifāt and Related Departures from Expected Expression

Example 1: «مَالِكِ يَوْمِ الدِّينِ» followed by «إِيَّاكَ نَعْبُدُ»
Third-person to direct address: iltifāt; fronted «إِيَّاكَ» also conveys exclusivity.

Example 2: the answer «مَوَاقِيتُ لِلنَّاسِ» to «يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الْأَهِلَّةِ»
Directing the inquiry to the useful function rather than only the apparent shape-question.

Example 3: future judgment scenes described with «فَفَزِعَ»
Past form portraying the future as certain and vivid.

Example 4: «عَرَضْتُ النَّاقَةَ عَلَى الْحَوْضِ»
Inversion of the ordinary relation, provided the context reveals the intention.

A complete rhetorical diagnosis identifies both the construction and its intended benefit.