LessonsJamʿ, Tafriq and Taqsim: Individual, Combined and Exhaustive FormsQuiz

The demonstratives hādhā and dhā distinguish referents without necessarily repeating their original nouns. One clause speaks of being bound; the other of being struck.

The important question is not whether a demonstrative is intrinsically near or far, but how each predicate is assigned to the previously named subject in context.

Sufficient specification means the speaker makes “this judgment belongs to that member” intelligible through explicit linkage, even when the noun itself is not repeated verbatim.

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How demonstratives make the allocation explicit

Jamʿ, Tafriq and Taqsim: Individual, Combined and Exhaustive Forms

The demonstratives hādhā and dhā distinguish referents without necessarily repeating their original nouns. One clause speaks of being bound; the other of being struck.

The important question is not whether a demonstrative is intrinsically near or far, but how each predicate is assigned to the previously named subject in context.

Sufficient specification means the speaker makes “this judgment belongs to that member” intelligible through explicit linkage, even when the noun itself is not repeated verbatim.