One metaphor can be classified through three distinct questions. First: is the source model openly named, or indicated through one of its features? Second: is the transferred form an underived noun, verb, derived word, or particle? Third: which side is supported by added details?
“Darkness” for misguidance can be both explicit and primary. The transferred relational meaning of «عَلَى» makes its derivative character central.
These classifications are not mutually exclusive across different dimensions. A correct answer must name the dimension being tested.