The central principle is a transfer of an action or action-meaning from its proper bearer to a suitably associated element, with an indication guiding the reader away from a purely literal predication.
The lesson covered associations involving the patient, agent, action-noun, time, place, cause, and genitive constructions. The poem on morning and evening showed how these structures can create a sustained rhetorical impression, not merely a technical classification.
The next section, aqsām al-majāz al-ʿaqlī (أقسام المجاز العقلي), classifies such usages more systematically. It begins on the next printed page.