قَامَ الرَّجُلُ إِكْرَامًا لِضَيْفِهِ
The man stood to honor his guest.
سَارَ زَيْدٌ مَعَ صَدِيقِهِ
Zayd walked with his friend.
دَخَلَ زَيْدٌ مُبْتَسِمًا
Zayd entered smiling.
The first highlights purpose, the second accompaniment and the third the participant’s state. These may all attach to actions, yet they restrict different dimensions of the event.
Objects of purpose, accompaniment and circumstantial accusatives also have distinct grammatical requirements; superficial similarity is not enough to classify them.