LessonsSupplementary Practice — Advanced Rhetorical Analysis and Worked TextsQuiz

“Naʿbuduka” ordinarily means “We worship You.”

«إِيَّاكَ نَعْبُدُ»
You alone we worship.

Fronting the object “iyyāka” expresses exclusivity in this context. Syntactically it is a fronted object; “naʿbudu” is a present-tense verb with an implicit first-person plural subject. Not every fronted object automatically denotes exclusivity; the reading here arises from syntax together with the theological and rhetorical context.

Opening interactive controls...

Fronting, exclusivity and context

Supplementary Practice — Advanced Rhetorical Analysis and Worked Texts

“Naʿbuduka” ordinarily means “We worship You.”

«إِيَّاكَ نَعْبُدُ»
You alone we worship.

Fronting the object “iyyāka” expresses exclusivity in this context. Syntactically it is a fronted object; “naʿbudu” is a present-tense verb with an implicit first-person plural subject. Not every fronted object automatically denotes exclusivity; the reading here arises from syntax together with the theological and rhetorical context.