Case 1: “Would that his eyes were alike”: the equality can bless or curse—tawjīh.
Case 2: Answering a boast with a comic question about food: outward jest, serious criticism—earnest jest.
Case 3: Asking a question about something known to express admiration—feigned ignorance.
Case 4: Turning the complaint “you are burdensome” into “burdened with generosity”—qawl bi-l-mūjib.
Case 5: Joseph son of Jacob son of Isaac son of Abraham, fluently ordered—iṭrād.
Identify the figure by the relationship that produces its effect rather than by superficial similarity of wording.