LessonsThe Dialectical Method and Elegant Causal Attribution: Proof and Four Modes of Ḥusn al-TaʿlīlQuiz

لَوْ كَانَ فِيهِمَا آلِهَةٌ إِلَّا اللَّهُ لَفَسَدَتَا
Had there been other deities besides Allah in the heavens and earth, both would have fallen into disorder. (Al-Anbiyāʾ 21:22)

The conditional premise supposes a plurality of deities, while the consequence is the corruption of cosmic order. The argument takes account of the continuing order of the heavens and earth and thereby rejects the supposition. Merely spotting the particle *law* is insufficient; the claimed implication must be understood.

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The Qurʾānic example: plurality of deities and disorder

The Dialectical Method and Elegant Causal Attribution: Proof and Four Modes of Ḥusn al-Taʿlīl

لَوْ كَانَ فِيهِمَا آلِهَةٌ إِلَّا اللَّهُ لَفَسَدَتَا
Had there been other deities besides Allah in the heavens and earth, both would have fallen into disorder. (Al-Anbiyāʾ 21:22)

The conditional premise supposes a plurality of deities, while the consequence is the corruption of cosmic order. The argument takes account of the continuing order of the heavens and earth and thereby rejects the supposition. Merely spotting the particle *law* is insufficient; the claimed implication must be understood.