If a hypothesis necessarily entails a consequence, then denying that consequence can refute the hypothesis. This is reasoning from the absence of a necessary consequence to the falsity of what would entail it—provided that the implication really holds.
ElementFunctionPlurality of deitiesHypothesis / antecedentDisruption of orderNecessary consequenceAbsence of disruptionGround for denying the hypothesis
The crucial requirement is a sound implication. If the consequence does not truly follow, its absence cannot by itself refute the hypothesis.