TypeExampleCriterion
Near and clearṭawīl al-nijādFew steps and a familiar association
Near and subtleʿarīḍ al-qafāFew steps, but the link needs reflection
Remotekathīr al-ramādSeveral intermediate inferences
An example must still be read in its context. A conventional link familiar in one period may be subtle for another audience.
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Three Types of Kināyah: Referent, Attribute, and Attribution
TypeExampleCriterion
Near and clearṭawīl al-nijādFew steps and a familiar association
Near and subtleʿarīḍ al-qafāFew steps, but the link needs reflection
Remotekathīr al-ramādSeveral intermediate inferences
An example must still be read in its context. A conventional link familiar in one period may be subtle for another audience.