• Classical examples often assumed partners joined at the start and remained until liquidation.
• Modern businesses may continue while investors enter and leave.
• This does not prevent partnership (مشاركة) or investment partnership (مضاربة) from being used.
• Procedures may change as long as the core Shari‘ah principles remain intact.
Keeping the legal roles clear prevents the arrangement from being treated like a fixed-return loan. Capital, management, ownership and profit entitlement should each follow the role actually undertaken.