The hadith states: “Actions are by intentions.” The inward resolve and identification of the intended prayer are central.
Pronouncing a fixed formula aloud in Arabic or Urdu is not a condition of prayer. Obligatory prayers should be identified, for example Dhuhr or Asr; voluntary prayers have separate details.
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Conditions of Prayer: Purity, Covering, Intention and Qiblah
The hadith states: “Actions are by intentions.” The inward resolve and identification of the intended prayer are central.
Pronouncing a fixed formula aloud in Arabic or Urdu is not a condition of prayer. Obligatory prayers should be identified, for example Dhuhr or Asr; voluntary prayers have separate details.