Number of wipes: no fixed count for Hanafis; at least 3 for al-Shafi‘i.
Required outcome: actual cleansing.
Permitted means: stones, dry earth, qualifying equivalents; water is preferable.
Forbidden means: bones, dung, food, or using the right hand.
Limit: filth spread beyond the exit is treated separately.
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Istinja: Methods, Preference and Juristic Differences
Number of wipes: no fixed count for Hanafis; at least 3 for al-Shafi‘i.
Required outcome: actual cleansing.
Permitted means: stones, dry earth, qualifying equivalents; water is preferable.
Forbidden means: bones, dung, food, or using the right hand.
Limit: filth spread beyond the exit is treated separately.