ولا يصح الرهن إلا بدين مضمون
Translation: A pledge is valid only against a secured, enforceable debt.
The pledge exists to safeguard the collection of an obligation for which payment can legally be demanded. A loan or an outstanding price in a credit sale provides a straightforward example.
If a person simply leaves property with a friend, with no connected enforceable obligation, the delivery may be a form of safekeeping rather than the pledge described here.
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Why a legally secured obligation matters
Kitab al-Rahn: Pledge Formation, Possession, Liability and Eligible Collateral
ولا يصح الرهن إلا بدين مضمون
Translation: A pledge is valid only against a secured, enforceable debt.
The pledge exists to safeguard the collection of an obligation for which payment can legally be demanded. A loan or an outstanding price in a credit sale provides a straightforward example.
If a person simply leaves property with a friend, with no connected enforceable obligation, the delivery may be a form of safekeeping rather than the pledge described here.