The rahin is the pledgor, the murtahin is the pledgee, the marhun is the pledged asset, and the marhun bihi is the obligation it secures.
If Bakr hands Khalid a specified phone as security for a debt of 40,000 rupees, Bakr is the pledgor, Khalid the pledgee, the phone the pledged property and 40,000 the secured debt.
Keeping these four elements distinct prevents confusion between ownership, possession and the amount owed.
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The persons and properties in a rahn
Kitab al-Rahn: Pledge Formation, Possession, Liability and Eligible Collateral
The rahin is the pledgor, the murtahin is the pledgee, the marhun is the pledged asset, and the marhun bihi is the obligation it secures.
If Bakr hands Khalid a specified phone as security for a debt of 40,000 rupees, Bakr is the pledgor, Khalid the pledgee, the phone the pledged property and 40,000 the secured debt.
Keeping these four elements distinct prevents confusion between ownership, possession and the amount owed.