Quduri describes effective possession as mahuz (brought under the pledgee's control), mufarragh (free from an obstructing occupation by other property) and mumayyaz (distinctly identified).
If a pledged chest contains the pledgor's unrelated goods and they are not separated, merely mentioning the key does not establish a fully clear transfer of possession. The contents and custody must be arranged so the secured property is identifiable and actually controlled.
The three features prevent uncertainty about what is being retained as security.
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Clear, vacated, distinct possession
Kitab al-Rahn: Pledge Formation, Possession, Liability and Eligible Collateral
Quduri describes effective possession as mahuz (brought under the pledgee's control), mufarragh (free from an obstructing occupation by other property) and mumayyaz (distinctly identified).
If a pledged chest contains the pledgor's unrelated goods and they are not separated, merely mentioning the key does not establish a fully clear transfer of possession. The contents and custody must be arranged so the secured property is identifiable and actually controlled.
The three features prevent uncertainty about what is being retained as security.