The text contrasts two categories (ḍarbān), a fixed time (zamān bi-ʿaynihi), an obligation owed in liability (yathbutu fī al-dhimmah), a specified vow, an unspecified vow, make-up fasting, and expiation.
The literal term zawal appears in the base text; the technical later Hanafi preference for the legal-day midpoint should be kept distinct from it.
Opening interactive controls...
Kitab al-Sawm: Categories of Fasting and Rules of Intention
The text contrasts two categories (ḍarbān), a fixed time (zamān bi-ʿaynihi), an obligation owed in liability (yathbutu fī al-dhimmah), a specified vow, an unspecified vow, make-up fasting, and expiation.
The literal term zawal appears in the base text; the technical later Hanafi preference for the legal-day midpoint should be kept distinct from it.