How is the legal status of an excused person (al-Ma'dhur) initially established in Hanafi Fiqh?

Rulings of the Excused Person (أحكام المعذور)

• If the condition occurs only once during the day.
• If the condition persists for an entire, complete prayer time without stopping long enough to pray a quick Fard prayer.
• If the doctor signs a medical certificate.
• If it prevents them from fasting.