1. Locate illā or another exception expression.
2. Ask whether the exception base is mentioned.
3. If named, determine connected/disconnected and affirmative/non-affirmative status.
4. Select the actual governor, accusative exception, or badal analysis.
With ghayr, separately account for its following genitive complement.
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Al-Mustathnā: Connected and Disconnected Exceptions, Four Case Rules
1. Locate illā or another exception expression.
2. Ask whether the exception base is mentioned.
3. If named, determine connected/disconnected and affirmative/non-affirmative status.
4. Select the actual governor, accusative exception, or badal analysis.
With ghayr, separately account for its following genitive complement.