● When ال is added to an indefinite noun to make it definite, its case endings are affected as follows:
○ Removing tanwīn: Tanwīn is removed from singular nouns, broken plurals, and feminine sound plurals, leaving one vowel mark: ḍammah, fatḥah, or kasrah. Example: رَجُلٌ → اَلرَّجُلُ.
○ Effect on dual nouns and masculine plurals: Dual nouns and masculine sound plurals end in a case-ending nūn (ـَانِ / ـَيْنِ and ـُونَ / ـِينَ) rather than tanwīn. Therefore, adding ال does not change their final letters or sounds, as in مُسْلِمُونَ → اَلْمُسْلِمُونَ.
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Case Changes When ال Is Added
Cases of the Broken Plural and Changes When ال Is Added
● When ال is added to an indefinite noun to make it definite, its case endings are affected as follows:
○ Removing tanwīn: Tanwīn is removed from singular nouns, broken plurals, and feminine sound plurals, leaving one vowel mark: ḍammah, fatḥah, or kasrah. Example: رَجُلٌ → اَلرَّجُلُ.
○ Effect on dual nouns and masculine plurals: Dual nouns and masculine sound plurals end in a case-ending nūn (ـَانِ / ـَيْنِ and ـُونَ / ـِينَ) rather than tanwīn. Therefore, adding ال does not change their final letters or sounds, as in مُسْلِمُونَ → اَلْمُسْلِمُونَ.