Arabic Grammar

Lisan-ul-Quran

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Introduction to Arabic Sounds and the Kalimah

The Types of Kalimah and the Aspects of a Noun

Gender of Nouns: Recognizing Masculine and Feminine

Categories of the Grammatically Feminine: Marked and Usage-Based

Rule for Changing Masculine to Feminine

Masculine and Feminine Exercises

Number of Nouns: Singular and Dual

Types of Plural and the Sound Plural

The Broken Plural (Part One)

The Broken Plural (Part Two)

Definiteness of Nouns and the Types of Definite Noun

Definite with Al and Solar/Lunar Letters

Introduction to Grammatical Case and the Cases of Singular Nouns

Grammatical Case of Dual Nouns

Grammatical Cases of Sound Plurals (Masculine and Feminine)

Cases of the Broken Plural and Changes When ال Is Added

Declinable and Indeclinable Nouns: Fully Declinable and Diptote

Practical Exercise: Indeclinable and Diptote Nouns

Introduction to Compounds and the Nominal Sentence (Subject and Predicate)

Basic Rules of the Subject and Predicate and Singular Masculine Sentences

Gender Agreement between the Subject and Predicate (Feminine Singular Sentences)

Dual Agreement between the Subject and Predicate and Shared Rules

Plural Agreement between the Subject and Predicate

Definite with al as the subject (mubtadaʾ)

Dual and Plural Definite Nouns and the Case-Ending Rule for Non-Rational Plurals

Introduction to Demonstratives and Their Rules

Practical Exercises with Demonstratives

Introduction to Pronouns and Their Grammatical Classification

Practical Exercises with Pronouns

Grammatical Rules of the Adjectival Phrase

Practical Exercises with Adjectival Phrases

Rules and Practical Exercises for Demonstrative Phrases

Rules and Spelling Principles of the Iḍāfah

Practical Exercises with the Iḍāfah

Using Attached Pronouns as the Muḍāf Ilayh and Their Spelling Rules

Practical Exercises with Pronouns in the Iḍāfah

Complex Iḍāfah

Introduction to Prepositional Phrases and the Prepositions بـ، تـ، و، كـ، فِي

More Prepositions: مِنْ، عَنْ، إِلَى، عَلَى، حَتَّى، لـ, and Others

Joining Prepositions to Pronouns (Part One)

Joining Prepositions to Pronouns (Part Two)

Using Phrases in the Nominal Sentence

Practical Exercises with Phrases in Nominal Sentences

Comprehensive Translation and Sentence-Building Practice

Relative Nouns and Their Completing Clauses

Introduction to Verbs, Roots, and Conjugation

Past-Tense Verb: The Complete 14-Form Paradigm

Three Past-Tense Patterns: فَعَلَ، فَعِلَ، فَعُلَ

Lisan-ul-Quran

Lisan-ul-Quran Introduction and authorship The course begins with Arabic sounds, the three parts of speech and the basic properties of nouns. It then advances to gender, number…

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Lisan-ul-Quran

Introduction and authorship

The course begins with Arabic sounds, the three parts of speech and the basic properties of nouns. It then advances to gender, number, singular and plural patterns, definiteness, grammatical case and simple nominal sentences. This order helps a new learner move from word recognition to the structure of meaningful expressions. Both agreement rules and the different categories of nouns are important because a literal word-for-word gloss does not reveal the whole Arabic sentence.

The AALIM Study catalog identifies this course with the Arabic-learning work Lisan-ul-Quran by Aamir Sohail. It is presented as a structured route into the Arabic language of the Qur’an, drawing on elementary and progressively more advanced topics in morphology and syntax. The present course is therefore an Arabic-learning textbook course rather than a stand-alone Tafsir of the Qur’an.

What the book teaches

Later lessons introduce demonstrative pronouns, personal and attached pronouns, adjective phrases, possessive constructions (Idafah) and phrases formed with prepositions. The learner studies relative pronouns and their clauses before moving into the verb system: past and imperfect patterns, basic conjugation, verbal sentences, active and passive voice, and common tense and negation constructions. Topics then extend to the imperative, prohibition, conditional sentences, the categories of accusative nouns and specialised grammatical patterns.

A useful feature of this progression is the deliberate use of exercises. A student should be able to change the number or gender of a noun, form a verbal pattern, analyse agreement and explain why a word bears a particular case. The emphasis is comprehension rather than the mere recitation of paradigms. Real Qur’anic phrases give motivation for this work, although a correct translation must always consider the entire context.

The course’s actual lesson outline extends beyond a short twelve-lesson introduction and includes substantial treatment of the grammatical subjects listed above. Its exact lesson structure should be read from the AALIM Study edition rather than inferred from the name of the book alone.

Academic importance

This book is appropriate for beginners who can read Arabic script but have not yet systematically studied its grammar. It also offers structured revision for students of Dars-e-Nizami. Because it moves from basic classification through increasingly complex sentence patterns, learners can gradually build a foundation for studying Qur’anic vocabulary, Tafsir, Hadith and classical Arabic works.

How to approach the text

A productive method is to begin each topic by identifying its principal definition, the particular question it answers and the limits of its application. Technical terms should be understood in their own setting, and the examples should be analysed rather than memorised without explanation. Related rules need to be compared carefully, especially where an exception or a condition changes the result. Readers should distinguish the exact position of the text from the additional clarification offered by a teacher or a modern learning resource.

Learning through AALIM Study

AALIM Study presents Lisan-ul-Quran through guided bilingual explanations and structured learning. The aim is to make the underlying argument, classification or procedure intelligible to students, not merely to reproduce its wording. The lessons are best used alongside the original text, appropriate reference works and the guidance of qualified teachers.

Further reading: key distinctions and examples

For Qur'anic Arabic, recognising a pattern is often more useful than memorising a long vocabulary list. Once a learner sees the structure of a sound masculine plural, a broken plural, a verb with a weak root or a preposition attached to a pronoun, many unfamiliar expressions become easier to analyse. Nevertheless, grammatical shape does not determine a word's full meaning by itself. The same root may produce expressions with distinct meanings, and a phrase may convey an idiomatic sense not predictable from individual dictionary entries.

Lisan-ul-Quran is particularly suitable for combining reading with analysis. A student can select a short verse, identify nouns and verbs, examine a significant construction and then compare the resulting understanding with an established translation. Such practice makes the study of Sarf and Nahw relevant to Qur'anic comprehension. It is also important to preserve a boundary between explaining a grammatical possibility and declaring a particular Tafsir to be definitive. Grammar is one crucial interpretive tool; the context of revelation, transmitted explanations and wider Qur'anic usage may also be needed.

Conclusion

This work rewards deliberate study. Its enduring value is found in the discipline of learning terms accurately, understanding the relationships between different principles and applying those principles to relevant passages or cases. A careful reading builds both subject knowledge and the analytical habits needed for more advanced Islamic scholarship.

Lessons

  1. Introduction to Arabic Sounds and the Kalimah

  2. The Types of Kalimah and the Aspects of a Noun

  3. Gender of Nouns: Recognizing Masculine and Feminine

  4. Categories of the Grammatically Feminine: Marked and Usage-Based

  5. Rule for Changing Masculine to Feminine

  6. Masculine and Feminine Exercises

  7. Number of Nouns: Singular and Dual

  8. Types of Plural and the Sound Plural

  9. The Broken Plural (Part One)

  10. The Broken Plural (Part Two)

  11. Definiteness of Nouns and the Types of Definite Noun

  12. Definite with Al and Solar/Lunar Letters

  13. Introduction to Grammatical Case and the Cases of Singular Nouns

  14. Grammatical Case of Dual Nouns

  15. Grammatical Cases of Sound Plurals (Masculine and Feminine)

  16. Cases of the Broken Plural and Changes When ال Is Added

  17. Declinable and Indeclinable Nouns: Fully Declinable and Diptote

  18. Practical Exercise: Indeclinable and Diptote Nouns

  19. Introduction to Compounds and the Nominal Sentence (Subject and Predicate)

  20. Basic Rules of the Subject and Predicate and Singular Masculine Sentences

  21. Gender Agreement between the Subject and Predicate (Feminine Singular Sentences)

  22. Dual Agreement between the Subject and Predicate and Shared Rules

  23. Plural Agreement between the Subject and Predicate

  24. Definite with al as the subject (mubtadaʾ)

  25. Dual and Plural Definite Nouns and the Case-Ending Rule for Non-Rational Plurals

  26. Introduction to Demonstratives and Their Rules

  27. Practical Exercises with Demonstratives

  28. Introduction to Pronouns and Their Grammatical Classification

  29. Practical Exercises with Pronouns

  30. Grammatical Rules of the Adjectival Phrase

  31. Practical Exercises with Adjectival Phrases

  32. Rules and Practical Exercises for Demonstrative Phrases

  33. Rules and Spelling Principles of the Iḍāfah

  34. Practical Exercises with the Iḍāfah

  35. Using Attached Pronouns as the Muḍāf Ilayh and Their Spelling Rules

  36. Practical Exercises with Pronouns in the Iḍāfah

  37. Complex Iḍāfah

  38. Introduction to Prepositional Phrases and the Prepositions بـ، تـ، و، كـ، فِي

  39. More Prepositions: مِنْ، عَنْ، إِلَى، عَلَى، حَتَّى، لـ, and Others

  40. Joining Prepositions to Pronouns (Part One)

  41. Joining Prepositions to Pronouns (Part Two)

  42. Using Phrases in the Nominal Sentence

  43. Practical Exercises with Phrases in Nominal Sentences

  44. Comprehensive Translation and Sentence-Building Practice

  45. Relative Nouns and Their Completing Clauses

  46. Introduction to Verbs, Roots, and Conjugation

  47. Past-Tense Verb: The Complete 14-Form Paradigm

  48. Three Past-Tense Patterns: فَعَلَ، فَعِلَ، فَعُلَ

  49. فَعَلَ Vocabulary: Meaningful Groups and Application

  50. فَعَلَ Vocabulary: Complete the Remaining Verbs

  51. فَعِلَ Vocabulary: Meaning and Applied Forms

  52. The Verbal Sentence and Its Pronominal Doer

  53. Explicit Noun Subjects in Verbal Sentences

  54. Objects in Verbal Sentences

  55. Attached Object Pronouns in Verbal Sentences

  56. Compound Phrases in Verbal Sentences

  57. Negating Past-Tense Sentences with مَا

  58. Past-Tense Verbal Questions

  59. Qad with the Past Tense

  60. Present-Tense Verb: Signs and Three Paradigms

  61. Fa'ala Verbs - Part 1: Past and Present Pairs

  62. Fa'ala Verbs - Part 2: Complete the Group

  63. Fa'ila Verbs: The Complete Group

  64. Fa'ula Verbs and Cumulative Present-Tense Practice

  65. Negation and Time Markers with the Imperfect

  66. Emphasis in the Imperfect: Light and Heavy Nun

  67. The Six Babs of Basic Triliteral Verbs

  68. The Passive Past Tense

  69. The Passive Imperfect

  70. Three Groups of Imperfect Forms

  71. Mudari Takhfif and Lan

  72. An and Masdar Muawwal

  73. Kay, Idhan, Hatta and Purpose Li

  74. Mudari Akhaff and Lam

  75. Lamma: Not Yet

  76. Conditional Sentences with إِنْ

  77. Conditional Nouns

  78. Conditional Sentences with إِذَا and لَوْ

  79. Lam al-Amr: Desired Actions

  80. The Imperative: Formation and Six Forms

  81. The Prohibitive: Negation, Prohibition and Jussive Endings

  82. Changing a Verbal Sentence into a Nominal Sentence

  83. Introduction to Mansubat and the Ism of Inna

  84. Three More Causes of Nasb

  85. The Khabar of Defective Verbs

  86. Maf'ul Bihi: The Receiver of the Action

  87. Maf'ul Mutlaq: Emphasis, Quality and Number

  88. Maf'ul Lahu: The Reason for an Action

  89. Maf'ul Fih: Adverbs of Time

  90. Maf'ul Fih: Adverbs of Place

  91. Adverbs of Place: Extended Usage

  92. Maf'ul Ma'ahu: The Accompanying Noun

  93. Haal: Describing a Condition

  94. Tamyiz: Removing Ambiguity

  95. Mustathna: Excluding a Member

  96. Alif al-Ta'nith: Maqsurah and Mamdudah

  97. Dual and Plural of Mamdud and Maqsur Nouns

  98. Ism Manqus: Case, Dual and Sound Plurals

  99. Ghayr Munsarif: Basic Case Pattern and Exceptions

  100. Causes of Ghayr Munsarif: Wasf and the Pattern Af'al

  101. Cause of Ghayr Munsarif: Feminine Alif and Feminine Proper Names

  102. Causes of Ghayr Munsarif: Proper Names and Foreign Origin

  103. Cause of Ghayr Munsarif: Sighat Muntaha al-Jumu'

  104. Cause of Ghayr Munsarif: Compound Proper Names

  105. Cause of Ghayr Munsarif: Additional Alif and Nun

  106. Cause of Ghayr Munsarif: The Pattern of a Verb

  107. Cause of Ghayr Munsarif: Transformation (Adl)

  108. Definiteness Through Idafah

  109. The Vocative and Definiteness

  110. Adjectives in an Idafah

  111. Demonstratives inside an Idafah

  112. The Five Nouns: Core Case Forms

  113. ذُو: Gender, Number, and Case

  114. كُلٌّ، بَعْضٌ، أَكْثَرُ، غَيْرُ in Idafah

  115. Predicate-Related Phrases in Nominal Sentences

  116. Emphasis in Nominal Sentences

  117. Negating Nominal Sentences with مَا

  118. Negating an Entire Class with لَا

  119. Vocative Particles and Forms

  120. Interrogative Sentences and Nouns