Grammatical Cases of Sound Plurals (Masculine and Feminine)

Read the bilingual lesson for Grammatical Cases of Sound Plurals (Masculine and Feminine) and test your understanding with a focused quiz.

Lesson

1. What Will We Learn in This Level?

● In this section, we will study the grammatical cases of both masculine and feminine sound plurals in detail. ● We will learn the difference between the endings ـُونَ and ـِينَ in the case forms of rational masculine sound plurals. ● We will study the change between ـَاتٌ and ـَاتٍ in feminine sound plurals. ● We will understand the special rule that the accusative feminine sound plural uses kasrah. ● We will complete all the masculine and feminine examples in the exercise.

2. Case-Ending Rule for the Masculine Sound Plural

● The grammatical cases of sound plurals for rational masculine nouns and adjectives are recognized by their final sounds: ○ nominative: ends in ـُونَ (ūna: sākin wāw and nūn with fatḥah), as in مُؤْمِنُونَ (many believing men). ○ accusative and genitive: end in ـِينَ (īna: a letter with kasrah, sākin yāʾ, and nūn with fatḥah), as in مُؤْمِنِينَ. ● Difference from the dual: The accusative dual ending is ـَيْنِ (ayni), with fatḥah before yāʾ, while the masculine plural ending is ـِينَ (īna), with kasrah before yāʾ.

3. Case-Ending Rule for the Feminine Sound Plural

● The grammatical-case rule for feminine nouns and non-rational things with sound plurals ending in alif and tāʾ is: ○ nominative: ends in ـَاتٌ (ātun: tanwīn with ḍammah), as in مُسْلِمَاتٌ (many Muslim women). ○ accusative and genitive: end in ـَاتٍ (ātin: tanwīn with kasrah), as in مُسْلِمَاتٍ. ● Important rule: The accusative feminine sound plural does not take fatḥah; it takes kasrah. Thus, both the accusative and genitive are read مُسْلِمَاتٍ.

4. Case Chart for the Masculine Sound Plural

Learn the nominative, accusative, and genitive forms of these masculine sound plurals: Nominative Accusative Genitive عَابِدُونَ عَابِدِينَ عَابِدِينَ حَافِظُونَ حَافِظِينَ حَافِظِينَ صَائِمُونَ صَائِمِينَ صَائِمِينَ ذَاكِرُونَ ذَاكِرِينَ ذَاكِرِينَ مُشْرِكُونَ مُشْرِكِينَ مُشْرِكِينَ مُفْسِدُونَ مُفْسِدِينَ مُفْسِدِينَ مُصْلِحُونَ مُصْلِحِينَ مُصْلِحِينَ مُنَافِقُونَ مُنَافِقِينَ مُنَافِقِينَ فَاسِقُونَ فَاسِقِينَ فَاسِقِينَ مُنْذِرُونَ (warners) مُنْذِرِينَ مُنْذِرِينَ مُتَوَكِّلُونَ مُتَوَكِّلِينَ مُتَوَكِّلِينَ

5. Case Chart for the Feminine Sound Plural (Part One)

● Learn the nominative, accusative, and genitive forms of these feminine sound plurals: Nominative Accusative Genitive مُؤْمِنَاتٌ مُؤْمِنَاتٍ مُؤْمِنَاتٍ عَابِدَاتٌ عَابِدَاتٍ عَابِدَاتٍ صَائِمَاتٌ صَائِمَاتٍ صَائِمَاتٍ ذَاكِرَاتٌ ذَاكِرَاتٍ ذَاكِرَاتٍ طَالِبَاتٌ طَالِبَاتٍ طَالِبَاتٍ كَافِرَاتٌ كَافِرَاتٍ كَافِرَاتٍ صَادِقَاتٌ صَادِقَاتٍ صَادِقَاتٍ كَاذِبَاتٌ كَاذِبَاتٍ كَاذِبَاتٍ

6. Case Chart for the Feminine Sound Plural (Part Two)

● Learn the nominative, accusative, and genitive forms of these feminine sound plurals: Nominative Accusative Genitive صَالِحَاتٌ صَالِحَاتٍ صَالِحَاتٍ خَاشِعَاتٌ خَاشِعَاتٍ خَاشِعَاتٍ جَنَّاتٌ جَنَّاتٍ جَنَّاتٍ آيَاتٌ آيَاتٍ آيَاتٍ حُجْرَاتٌ حُجْرَاتٍ حُجْرَاتٍ غُرْفَاتٌ غُرْفَاتٍ غُرْفَاتٍ خُطُوَاتٌ خُطُوَاتٍ خُطُوَاتٍ

7. Level Summary

● The case of a masculine sound plural is shown by its final sounds: ـُونَ in the nominative and ـِينَ in both the accusative and genitive. ● The case of a feminine sound plural is shown by tanwīn: ـَاتٌ in the nominative and ـَاتٍ in both the accusative and genitive. ● The most important rule is that a feminine sound plural never takes fatḥah in the accusative; it is marked by kasrah (ـَاتٍ).

Practice questions

Question 1

What is the most distinctive and important case-ending rule of the feminine sound plural?

  • Its accusative uses kasrah (tanwīn kasr) instead of fatḥah
  • It always ends with fatḥah
  • Its case ending never changes

Question 2

In the accusative and genitive, a masculine sound plural ends in ـِينَ (īna), with kasrah before the yāʾ.

  • True
  • False

Question 3

What is the correct accusative form of صَائِمُونَ (fasting people)?

  • صَائِمِينَ
  • صَائِمَيْنِ
  • صَائِمَاتٍ

Question 4

Match each kalimah with its correct noun type and grammatical case:

Question 5

Sort the following plural kalimahs into their correct grammatical-case groups:

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